Section: 5D - Miscellaneous Facts.
Number of quotes: 176
1453: The Holy War for Constantinople and the Clash of Islam and the West
Roger Crowley
Book ID: 2 Page: 246
Section: 5D
At the other end of the Mediterranean, the final reconquest of Spain by the Catholic kings in 1492 resulted in the forced conversion or expulsion of all the Muslims and Jews. The Spanish Jews themselves were encouraged to migrate to the Ottoman Empire - “the refuge of the world” - where, within the overall experience of Jewish exile, their reception was generally positive. “Here in the land of the Turks we have nothing to complain of,” wrote one rabbi to his brethren in Europe. “We possess great fortune, much gold and silver are in our hands. We are not oppressed with heavy taxes and our commerce is free and unhindered,”
Quote ID: 13
Time Periods: 7
A Chronicle of the Last Pagans
Pierre Chuvin
Book ID: 4 Page: 119
Section: 5D
At the end of the fifth century the difference between the two former halves of the Empire was striking, at least with regard to the cities. While the Mediterranean East was rather prosperous, the West was collapsing; centuries would pass before it recovered. By admonishing his flock in 494 not to try to recover by superstition the prosperity that the East was enjoying without any lapse of faith, Pope Gelasius was in fact acknowledging the reality of the divergence.
Quote ID: 57
Time Periods: 56
Ancient Athens on 5 Drachmas a Day
Philip Matyszak
Book ID: 13 Page: 53
Section: 5D
As a rough guide, the standard Athenian ration of wheat is the choinix, a measure of about two pints, which is about enough to get a working man through the day. Depending on the time of the year and the harvest, one drachma gets about 10-17 choinikes of wheat.
Quote ID: 216
Time Periods: 1
Ancient Rome on 5 Denarii A Day
Philip Matyszak
Book ID: 17 Page: 11
Section: 5D
Tombs line the Appian Way, a busy commuter route, outside Rome. Many of these houses of the dead are the size of apartment blocks – for example, the massive round tomb of Caecilia Metella in the background is 36 feet high with a diameter of 96 feet.Pastor John notes: Picture on this page
Quote ID: 344
Time Periods: 01
Ancient Rome on 5 Denarii A Day
Philip Matyszak
Book ID: 17 Page: 27
Section: 5D
Diagram of Rome’s regions (I-XIV) and hills (A-G). Those looking for the best postal addresses should consider II and VI. The Subura district, IV, is not particularly salubrious and nor is XIV (Transtiberim). Try XII or XIII for a happy medium. VIII and X are reserved for gods and emperors.Pastor John notes: Picture on this page
Quote ID: 346
Time Periods: 01
Augustine, NPNF1 Vol. 7, St. Augustine: Homilies on the Gospel of John; Homilies on the First Epistle of John; Sililoquies
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 657 Page: 42
Section: 5D
Thanks be to God, it was to the nations the apostles were sent….PJ book footnote reference: Augustine, Lectures or Tractates on the Gospel of John, IV.10.
Quote ID: 9446
Time Periods: ?
Augustine, NPNF1 Vol. 7, St. Augustine: Homilies on the Gospel of John; Homilies on the First Epistle of John; Sililoquies
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 657 Page: 42
Section: 5D
If pride caused diversities of tongues, Christ’s humility has united these diversities in one. The Church is now bringing together what that tower had sundered.PJ book footnote reference: Augustine, Lectures or Tractates on the Gospel of John, IV.10.
Quote ID: 9447
Time Periods: ?
Caesars & Saints: The Rise of the Christian State, A.D. 180-313
Stewart Perowne
Book ID: 44 Page: 70
Section: 5D
Sinaiticus our earliest manu. is 4th cent. So, 300 years gap.
Quote ID: 988
Time Periods: 4
Canaanite Myths and Legends (Second Edition)
J. C. L. Gibson
Book ID: 45 Page: 5
Section: 5D
text 23. 4 Hadad (Akk. Adad) is the personal name of Baal, which is a title meaning ‘lord’; it apparently means ‘thunderer’
Quote ID: 1046
Time Periods: 0
Carthage: A History
B.H. Warmington
Book ID: 47 Page: 27
Section: 5D
The date almost universally accepted in antiquity {18} for the foundation of Carthage was thirty-eight years before the first Olympiad, i.e. 814.
Quote ID: 1058
Time Periods: 0
Carthage: A History
B.H. Warmington
Book ID: 47 Page: 27
Section: 5D
But it was believed that Carthage was a late-comer among the Phoenician colonies; various authors, probably ultimately dependent on Timaeus, dated Phoenician voyages to the west, and some settlements, to the period immediately after the Trojan War; specific dates were given for Gades (1110), Lixus on the coast of Morocco (earlier than Gades) and Utica, near Carthage (1101). {19}
Quote ID: 1059
Time Periods: 0
Carthage: A History
B.H. Warmington
Book ID: 47 Page: 31
Section: 5D
There were several different versions of the story of Dido, until Virgil effectively swept them away with his tale of the love of Aeneas.
Quote ID: 1060
Time Periods: 01
Carthage: A History
B.H. Warmington
Book ID: 47 Page: 131
Section: 5D
Carthage was defended, as might be expected, by walls of great strength, which were proof against all assaults till the last Roman attack; in fact it was so strong that Agathocles could not seriously consider making an attempt on it. The total length of the wall was twenty-two or twenty-three miles, which would have been impossible to defend with the manpower available to Carthage had not the greater part of it been along the shore.{3}
Quote ID: 1062
Time Periods: 0
Carthage: A History
B.H. Warmington
Book ID: 47 Page: 134
Section: 5D
Carthage was the city in the Mediterranean in which commerce played the largest part: when a Greek or Roman of Hellenistic times thought of a typical Carthaginian he thought of him as a merchant.
Quote ID: 1065
Time Periods: 0
Carthage: A History
B.H. Warmington
Book ID: 47 Page: 148
Section: 5D
It must be stressed that in spite of the Old Testament references, no ‘tophet’ has been found in the east, nor is there other evidence of human sacrifice in Phoenicia itself.The Cathaginian ‘tophet’ was in use from the earliest days of the colony down to its destruction, as the changes in the styles of the urns and ceremonial stelae prove.
Quote ID: 1070
Time Periods: 0
Christians as the Romans Saw Them, The
Robert L. Wilken
Book ID: 201 Page: xv
Section: 5D
In the section on Palestine in his Natural History - a book written approximately a generation after the death of Jesus - the elder Pliny does not even mention Jesus or the beginnings of Christianity.The first mention of the Christian movement in a Roman writer does not occur until eighty years after the beginning of Christianity.
Quote ID: 4523
Time Periods: 2
Chronological Aspects of the Life of Christ
Harold W. Hoehner
Book ID: 59 Page: 16
Section: 5D
In fact, in Venice a gravestone of a Roman officer was found which states that he was ordered by P. Sulpicius Quirinius to conduct a census of Apamea, a city of 117,000 inhabitants, located on the Orontes in Syria, which was an autonomous city-state that minted its own copper coins.
Quote ID: 1506
Time Periods: 01
Chronological Aspects of the Life of Christ
Harold W. Hoehner
Book ID: 59 Page: 21/22
Section: 5D
Moving along the same line of argumentation, a better solution is the one suggested by Higgins. In John 15:18 the πρωτος used adverbially is equivalent to πϼό, that is, “It the world has hated me before it hated you.” “If this is conceded, there is no need to infer a compendious comparison, and πρỠτη governs the participial phrase. The Greek means, ‘This census took place before Quirinius was governor of Syria’. Luke is not distinguishing an earlier census from one during the governorship of Quirinius, but is merely stating that the census at the time of the nativity took place some time before Quirinius held office.”Pastor John notes: Johns’ Note: Luke 2:2
Quote ID: 1507
Time Periods: 1
Chronological Aspects of the Life of Christ
Harold W. Hoehner
Book ID: 59 Page: 36
Section: 5D
The combined work of Luke-Acts is addressed to Theophilus (Luke 1:3) who is saluted as κρἁτιστε, a term Luke otherwise employs only as a form of address to a Roman official (Acts 23:26; 24:3; 26:25).
Quote ID: 1509
Time Periods: 1
Chronological Aspects of the Life of Christ
Harold W. Hoehner
Book ID: 59 Page: 41
Section: 5D
There are two Greek words for temple which are distinguished by Josephus. The first term ἱερóν refers to the whole sacred area which includes three courts of enclosures.….
The second term for the temple is ναóς which is the sacred building alone, and it was located within the Priests’ Court. Both terms are translated “temple” in the English with no distinction.
Quote ID: 1511
Time Periods: 2
Cicero: The Nature of the Gods
Translated by P.G. Walsh
Book ID: 61 Page: 66
Section: 5D
Lowest of the five planets and nearest to the earth is the star of Venus, in Greek called Phosphoros (“light-bringing”), and in Latin when it precedes the sun, Lucifer, but Hesperus (“at evening”) when it follows behind.
Quote ID: 1548
Time Periods: 01
Cicero: The Nature of the Gods
Translated by P.G. Walsh
Book ID: 61 Page: 71
Section: 5D
The entire range and element of earth has been consecrated to father Dis; his name means rich (dives) like that of his Greek equivalent Pluto, because all things dissolve into the earth and spring up from it.The sun gets its name (sol) either because its great size is unique (solus) among the heavenly bodies, or because when it rises all the stars are hidden and it alone (solus) is visible;
Quote ID: 1550
Time Periods: 0
Cicero: The Nature of the Gods
Translated by P.G. Walsh
Book ID: 61 Page: 130
Section: 5D
What a hazardous procedure this is! Many names will pose problems for you: what can you make of Veiovis, or of Vulcan?* Mind you, bearing in mind that you think that Neptune gets his name from nando, swimming, there will be no name for which you cannot offer a derivation based on a single letter! You seem to me to be more at sea in this pursuit than is Neptune himself.Pastor John note: Ha!
Quote ID: 1551
Time Periods: 0
Civilization of Europe in the Renaissance, The
John Hale
Book ID: 202 Page: 68
Section: 5D
The sentiment of nationhood was slow to evolve because it only rang true within a country as a whole at exceptional moments of danger from outside threats. Even then, as we shall see, rallying calls from the centre faded to whispers and eventually to silence as they slowly passed along unmade roads into regions with their own forms of speech and patterns of local loyalties.The word ‘nation’ itself was hardly ever used before the seventeenth century to refer to all the inhabitants of a country.
Quote ID: 4618
Time Periods: 7
Clement of Alexandria, LCL 092
Loeb Classical Library
Book ID: 140 Page: 79
Section: 5D
Exhortation to the GreeksScour not heaven, but earth. Callimachus the Cretan, in whose land he lies buried, will tell you in his hymns:
for a tomb, O Prince, did the Cretans
Fashion for thee.{b}
Yes, Zeus is dead (take it not to heart), like Leda, like the swan, like the eagle, like the amorous man, like the snake.
They run as follows:
Cretans ever do lie; for a tomb, O Prince, did they fashion
Even for thee; but thou art not dead, for thy life is unending.
Quote ID: 3019
Time Periods: 1
Climax of Rome, The
Michael Grant
Book ID: 204 Page: 198
Section: 5D
. . .- and after the middle of the second century AD the largest of their groups, the one expressly calling itself Gnostic, appeared at Rome. {138}
Quote ID: 4750
Time Periods: 2
Closing of the Western Mind, The
Charles Freeman
Book ID: 205 Page: 203
Section: 5D
the bishops had always been based in the cities. (The derogatory word “pagan” has the connotation of one who lives in the country.)
Quote ID: 4895
Time Periods: ?
Conversion
A.D. Nock
Book ID: 70 Page: 160
Section: 5D
The last pagans are known to us as students and editors of the Latin classics. At the same time, the suppression of paganism took the form of the prohibition of cultus and seasonal observances, the destruction or appropriation of temples and the exclusion of recalcitrants from office and the army. There is no persecution in the Decian or Diocletianic sense: there was nothing to persecute in that way: and there are no pagan martyrs.Pastor John’s Note: scholarly bias, says who
Quote ID: 1964
Time Periods: ?
Conversion
A.D. Nock
Book ID: 70 Page: 188
Section: 5D
There was, however, in this movement, even from the earliest stage, an element which had in it the seeds of development in a further direction. It was that the Spirit of God had been poured out upon the community.Pastor John notes: John’s Note: Good grief. In other words, I don’t know what to say about that, so I will change the subject.
Quote ID: 1974
Time Periods: ?
Conversion
A.D. Nock
Book ID: 70 Page: 189
Section: 5D
The consciousness of spirit-possession carried with it the consciousness of authority.Pastor John notes: John’s Note: They didn’t have it, In other words, I don’t know what to say about that, so I will change the subject.
Quote ID: 1975
Time Periods: ?
Conversion
A.D. Nock
Book ID: 70 Page: 227
Section: 5D
Pagani means backwoodsmen.
Quote ID: 1987
Time Periods: ?
Conversion
A.D. Nock
Book ID: 70 Page: 241
Section: 5D
On the doctrine of the Spirit something has been said. We need here only recall that the Stoics held that in all men there was a divine pneuma and that most people believed that prophetic inspiration was the product of what inspiration literally means, breathing in.Pastor John notes: John’s Note: In other words, I don’t know what to say about that, so I will change the subject.
Quote ID: 1989
Time Periods: ?
Conversion
A.D. Nock
Book ID: 70 Page: 249
Section: 5D
The issue is after all the doctrine of grace. The genius of Christianity lies on the side of Augustine, the genius of paganism on the side of Pelagius. The one built on a consciousness of sin and on revelation, the other on a consciousness of goodness and on common sense. On this issue we must all take sides.
Quote ID: 1992
Time Periods: ?
Conversion
A.D. Nock
Book ID: 70 Page: 270
Section: 5D
All of them we know in part and understand in part. Which of us has any accurate idea of what is going on in the mind of the average churchgoer? How far does he himself know? And if this is so with the present, how much more so is it with the past...our interpretation must be in a considerable measure a personal interpretation, based on a balance of probabilities but informed by the spirit which we bring to it.Pastor John notes: John’s Note: Amen
Quote ID: 1999
Time Periods: ?
Councils: Seven Ecumenical Councils, NPNF2 Vol. 14, The Seven Ecumenical Councils
Philip Schaff, Editor.
Book ID: 677 Page: 10
Section: 5D
“If, as time goes on, the man is discovered to have committed some sensual sin, and is convicted by two or three witnesses, let him leave the clergy.”PJ footnote reference: The Canons of the 318 Holy Fathers Assembled in the City of Nice, in Bithynia, Canon II.
Quote ID: 9710
Time Periods: 45
Councils: Seven Ecumenical Councils, NPNF2 Vol. 14, The Seven Ecumenical Councils
Philip Schaff, Editor.
Book ID: 677 Page: 32
Section: 5D
The great Council has stringently forbidden any bishop, priest, deacon, or any of the clergy, to have a woman living with him, except a mother, sister, aunt, or some such person who is beyond all suspicion.”PJ footnote reference: The Canons of the 318 Holy Fathers Assembled in the City of Nice, in Bithynia, Canon XV note, NPNF2 Vol. 14, 33.
Quote ID: 9714
Time Periods: 4
Druids, The
Peter Berresford Ellis
Book ID: 212 Page: 53/54
Section: 5D
The Druids officiate at the worship of the gods, regulate public and private sacrifices, and give rulings on all religious questions. Large numbers of young men flock to them for instruction, and they are held in great honour by the people. They act as judges in practically all disputes, whether between tribes or between individuals; when any crime is committed or a murder takes place, or a dispute arises about an inheritance or a boundary, it is they who adjudicate the matter and appoint the compensation to be paid and received by the parties concerned. Any individual or tribe failing to accept their award is banned from taking part in sacrifice - the heaviest punishment that can be inflicted upon a Gaul. Those who are under such a ban are regarded as impious criminals. Everyone shuns them and avoids going near or speaking to them, for fear of taking some harm by contact with what is unclean; if they appear as plaintiffs, justice is denied them, and they are excluded from a share in any honour.
Quote ID: 5220
Time Periods: ?
Druids, The
Peter Berresford Ellis
Book ID: 212 Page: 54/55
Section: 5D
As the social position of the Druids, Caesar informs us that:The Druids are exempt from military service and do not pay taxes like other citizens. These important privileges are naturally attractive; many present themselves of their own accord to become students of Druidism, and others are sent by their parents and relatives.
Quote ID: 5221
Time Periods: ?
Earliest Christian Heretics – Readings from Their Opponents, The
Edited By Arland J. Hultgren and Steven A. Haggmark
Book ID: 213 Page: 34/35
Section: 5D
4.1. Irenaeus, Against Heresies 1.26.1. Lyons, ca. A.D. 190.. . . .
Jesus, he suggested, was not born of a virgin, for that seemed to him impossible, but was the son of Joseph and Mary, just like all the rest of men but far beyond them in justice and prudence and wisdom.
Quote ID: 5233
Time Periods: ?
Earliest Christian Heretics – Readings from Their Opponents, The
Edited By Arland J. Hultgren and Steven A. Haggmark
Book ID: 213 Page: 35
Section: 5D
4.2. Hippolytus, Refutation of All Heresies 7.21. Rome, ca. A.D. 230.. . . .
And he supposed that Jesus was not generated from a virgin, but that he was born son of Joseph and Mary, just in a manner similar with the rest of men,
Quote ID: 5234
Time Periods: ?
Earliest Christian Heretics – Readings from Their Opponents, The
Edited By Arland J. Hultgren and Steven A. Haggmark
Book ID: 213 Page: 51/52
Section: 5D
6.2. Clement of Alexandria, Stromateis 3.2.5, 10. Alexandria, ca. A.D.200.. . . .
After they have sated their appetites (“on repletion Cypris, the goddess of love, enters,” as it is said), then they overturn the lamps and so extinguish the light that the shame of their adulterous “righteousness” is hidden, and they have intercourse where they will and with whom they will.
Pastor John notes: John’s Note: Clement
Quote ID: 5236
Time Periods: ?
Early Christian Church, The
J.G. Davies
Book ID: 214 Page: 204
Section: 5D
Of primary importance was the acceptance in the West of Latin as its liturgical language. The immediate effect of this was to create a distinction between eastern and western liturgies. 4th Century
Quote ID: 5332
Time Periods: ?
Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History Books, LCL 153: Eusebius I, Books 1-5
Eusebius
Book ID: 141 Page: 199
Section: 5D
Book III chapter IVOn the other hand, the people of the church in Jerusalem were commanded by an oracle given by revelation before the war to those in the city who were worthy of it to depart and dwell in one of the cities of Perea which they called Pella. To it those who believed on Christ migrated from Jerusalem, that when holy men had altogether deserted the royal capital of the Jews and the whole land of Judaea, the judgement of God might at last overtake them for all their crimes against the Christ and his Apostles, and all that generation of the wicked be utterly blotted out from among men.
Quote ID: 3080
Time Periods: ?
Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History Books, LCL 153: Eusebius I, Books 1-5
Eusebius
Book ID: 141 Page: 245
Section: 5D
Book III chapter XXIII. . . of his mission of John said, ‘Come now, bishop, pay me back the deposit which Christ and I left with you. . . .
Quote ID: 3082
Time Periods: ?
Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History Books, LCL 153: Eusebius I, Books 1-5
Eusebius
Book ID: 141 Page: 247
Section: 5D
Book III chapter XXIII. . . .abandoned and finally a brigand, and now instead of the church he has taken to the mountains with an . . . .
Quote ID: 3083
Time Periods: ?
Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History Books, LCL 153: Eusebius I, Books 1-5
Eusebius
Book ID: 141 Page: 257
Section: 5D
Book III chapter XXVAt this point it seems reasonable to summarize the writings of the New Testament which have been quoted. In the first place should be put the holy tetrad of the Gospels. To them follows the writing of the Acts of the Apostles. After this should be reckoned the Epistle of Paul. Following them the Epistle of John called the first, and in the same way should be recognized the Epistle of Peter. In addition to these should be put, if it seem desirable, the Revelation of John, the arguments concerning which we will expound at the proper time. These belong to the Recognized Books.
Quote ID: 3084
Time Periods: ?
Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History Books, LCL 153: Eusebius I, Books 1-5
Eusebius
Book ID: 141 Page: 257
Section: 5D
Book III chapter XXV
Of the Disputed Books which are nevertheless known to most are the Epistle called of James, that of Jude, the second Epistle of Peter, and the so-called second and third Epistles of John which may be the work of the evangelist or of some other with the same name.
Quote ID: 3085
Time Periods: ?
Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History Books, LCL 153: Eusebius I, Books 1-5
Eusebius
Book ID: 141 Page: 261
Section: 5D
Book III chapter XXVIIThe first Christians gave these the suitable name of Ebionites because they. . . .
Quote ID: 3086
Time Periods: ?
Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History Books, LCL 153: Eusebius I, Books 1-5
Eusebius
Book ID: 141 Page: 289
Section: 5D
Book III chapter XXXVIIIFor Paul had spoken in writing to the Hebrews in their native language . . . .
Quote ID: 3089
Time Periods: ?
Everyman’s Talmud: The Major Teachings of the Rabbinic Sages
Abraham Cohen
Book ID: 87 Page: 50
Section: 5D
Michael is even superior to Gabriel in rank (Ber. 4b) and wherever he appears the glory of the Shechinah is also bound to be found (Exod. R. II. 5). Each nation has its guardian angel, Michael being the guardian angel of Israel. He acts as the counsel for Israel’s defence when the wicked angel Samael brings charges against them before God (ibid. XVIII. 5).
Quote ID: 2325
Time Periods: ?
Everyman’s Talmud: The Major Teachings of the Rabbinic Sages
Abraham Cohen
Book ID: 87 Page: 52
Section: 5D
An angel was designated as ‘prince’ over each of the elements. Gabriel was the prince of fire (Pes. 118a): Jurkemi, prince of hail (ibid.): Raidya, prince of rain (Taan. 25b); Rahab, prince of the sea (B.B. 74b); Lialah, prince of night (Sanh. 96a) and also of conception (Nid. 16b); Dumah, the angel of death (Ber. 18b). Other princes are mentioned without names being attached to them; e.g. prince of the world (Jeb. 16b) and prince of Gehinnom (Arach. 15b).The ‘prince of the world’ was identified by later writers with the angel Metatron. The name is probably borrowed from the Latin Metator, which signifies ‘a precursor,’ and he was regarded as the angel who ‘went before’ the Israelites in the wilderness (Exod xxiii. 20). He must have been held at one time in very high reverence, since special mention is made of the fact that prayers must not be offered to him.
Quote ID: 2327
Time Periods: ?
Everyman’s Talmud: The Major Teachings of the Rabbinic Sages
Abraham Cohen
Book ID: 87 Page: 53/54
Section: 5D
‘Two ministering angels accompany a man on the Sabbath-eve from the Synagogue to his house—one good and the other evil. …(ibid. 119b).Pastor John notes: John’s note: Shab. 1196
Quote ID: 2328
Time Periods: ?
Everyman’s Talmud: The Major Teachings of the Rabbinic Sages
Abraham Cohen
Book ID: 87 Page: 54
Section: 5D
‘The wicked angel Samael, the chief of all the Satans’ (Deut. R. XI. I0)—in this way is the army of the evil angels and their captain designated. ‘Satan’ is the personification of wickedness. A significant remark is: ‘Satan, the Jetzer Hara {3} and the Angel of Death are all one’ (B.B. 16a).
Quote ID: 2329
Time Periods: ?
Everyman’s Talmud: The Major Teachings of the Rabbinic Sages
Abraham Cohen
Book ID: 87 Page: 55
Section: 5D
Therefore the advice was given: ‘If you see a righteous man setting out on a journey and you have to travel the same road, start out three days earlier or three days later than you originally intended on his account, so that you may be in his society; because the ministering angels accompany such a one; as it is said, “For He will give His angels charge over thee to keep thee in all thy ways” (Ps. Xci. II). But if you see a wicked man setting out on a journey and you have to travel the same road, start out three days earlier or three days later than you originally intended on his account, so that you may not be in his society; because angels of Satan accompany him, as it is said, “Set thou a wicked man over him, and let an adversary (Heb. Satan) stand at his right hand” (ibid. cix. 6)’ (Tosifta Shab. XVII. 2).
Quote ID: 2330
Time Periods: ?
Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians, The
Peter Heather
Book ID: 223 Page: 46
Section: 5D
The ancient Roman sources describing the defeat were rediscovered and passed into broader circulation among Latin scholars in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and from that point on Arminius, generally known as Hermann (‘the German’) – the delatinized version of his name – became a symbol of German nationhood.
Quote ID: 5538
Time Periods: ?
Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians, The
Peter Heather
Book ID: 223 Page: 47
Section: 5D
Between 1676 and 1910 an extraordinary seventy-six operas were composed to celebrate his exploits, and in the nineteenth century a huge monument was constructed in his honour....
Quote ID: 5539
Time Periods: ?
Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians, The
Peter Heather
Book ID: 223 Page: 55
Section: 5D
An early imperial Roman legion of about 5,000 men required about 7,500 kilos of grain and 450 kilos of fodder per day, or 225 and 13.5 tonnes, respectively, per month. {9}
Quote ID: 5540
Time Periods: ?
Formation of Christendom, The
Judith Herrin
Book ID: 225 Page: 477
Section: 5D
The use of Latin facilitated commerce throughout Europe.
Quote ID: 5704
Time Periods: ?
From Roman To Merovingian Gaul
Alexander Callander Murray
Book ID: 93 Page: 22
Section: 5D
3...Babylon thus had almost reached the 1164th year from her foundation, when she was despoiled of her wealth by the Medes and Arbatus, king of the Medes and perfect of Babylon, and deprived of both king and kingdom.Likewise, after the same amount of time, that is almost 1164 years after her foundation, Rome too was invaded by the Goths and Alaric, king of the Goths and a count of Rome.
Reign of Valentinian I, a. 364-75
Quote ID: 2378
Time Periods: ?
From Roman To Merovingian Gaul
Alexander Callander Murray
Book ID: 93 Page: 111
Section: 5D
I know very well that it is unpleasant for us when we are struck down. Why are we surprised that God scourges us when we sin, when we ourselves flog our little slaves who transgress? We are unjust judges. We, little men, do not wish to be flayed by God, when we ourselves whip men who are of our own status. I do not wonder that we are unjust in this matter. In us, nature and wickedness are both servile. We wish to sin but not to be punished...
Quote ID: 2387
Time Periods: ?
From Roman To Merovingian Gaul
Alexander Callander Murray
Book ID: 93 Page: 141
Section: 5D
...for the royal Scythian Attila pretended that he wished to hunt...
Quote ID: 2393
Time Periods: ?
From Roman To Merovingian Gaul
Alexander Callander Murray
Book ID: 93 Page: 145
Section: 5D
This man, on the contrary, resembled a well-to-do Scythian, being well dressed and having his hair cut in a circle in Scythian fashion.
Quote ID: 2394
Time Periods: ?
Furta Sacra: Thefts of Relics in the Central Middle Ages
Patrick J. Geary
Book ID: 94 Page: 28
Section: 5D
Chapter 2 The Cult of Relics in Carolingian EuropeSimilar spontaneous unauthorized popular devotions have frequently appeared through the history of Christianity.
Quote ID: 2423
Time Periods: ?
Gestures and Acclamations in Ancient Rome
Gregory S. Aldrete
Book ID: 96 Page: 52
Section: 5D
However, satire depends on the presence of a basic element of truth that the audience can easily recognize,
Quote ID: 2455
Time Periods: ?
God’s Bestseller
Brian Moynahan
Book ID: 98 Page: xx
Section: 5D
Hostility to Wycliffe’s followers escalated. The term ‘Lollard’ was applied to them, a derivation from the Dutch lollen, to mumble, and used in English to describe religious eccentrics and vagabonds.
Quote ID: 2508
Time Periods: ?
God’s Bestseller
Brian Moynahan
Book ID: 98 Page: 105
Section: 5D
More flayed him for this, and for the two other supposed mistranslation. Tyndale, he said, ‘chaunged comenly this worde chyrche in to this worde congregacyon, and this worde preste, into this worde senyour, and cheryte in to loue love . . . and penaunce in to repentaunce’; in this, ‘Tyndale dyd euyll evil in translatynge the scrypture in to our tonge’.
Quote ID: 2514
Time Periods: ?
God’s Bestseller
Brian Moynahan
Book ID: 98 Page: 238
Section: 5D
The war over the use of the word ‘congregation’ ground on. ‘Wheresoever I may say a congregation,’ Tyndale wrote, ‘there may I say a church also; as the church of the devil, the church of Satan, the church of wretches, the church of wicked men, the church of liars, and a church of Turks thereto. For M. More must grant (if he will have ecclesia translated throughout all the new Testament by this word church) that church is as common as ecclesia. Now is ecclesia a Greek word, and was in use before the time of the apostles, and taken for a congregation among the heathen, where was no congregation of God or of Christ. And also Lucas Luke himself useth ecclesia for a church, or congregation, of heathen people thrice in one chapter . . .’
Quote ID: 2516
Time Periods: ?
Gods, Demons, and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia
Jeremy Black and Anthony Green
Book ID: 100 Page: 64/65
Section: 5D
(Pictures of demons, monsters, and minor protective deities.)
Quote ID: 2539
Time Periods: ?
Gods, Demons, and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia
Jeremy Black and Anthony Green
Book ID: 100 Page: 171
Section: 5D
(Picture of the swastika)
Quote ID: 2540
Time Periods: ?
Greek Folk Religion
Martin P. Nilsson
Book ID: 101 Page: 111
Section: 5D
Very important is the tract on the holy disease, that is epilepsy.
Quote ID: 2558
Time Periods: ?
Greek Folk Religion
Martin P. Nilsson
Book ID: 101 Page: 129
Section: 5D
The home of the Sibyl was not in Greece but in Asia Minor. Another collection ascribed to her was brought from the Greek colony of Cumae to Rome at about the same time. It is the famous Sibylline books.
Quote ID: 2559
Time Periods: ?
Hadrian
Stewart Perowne
Book ID: 103 Page: 152
Section: 5D
“It is hard to believe,” says Mr. R. D. Barnett, “when one is standing in this earthly paradise that one is standing in Africa at all.” If ever, for a Greek, there was a home from Hellas, it is Cyrene.
Quote ID: 2580
Time Periods: ?
Harlot Church System: “Come out of her, My people”, The
Charles Elliott Newbold, Jr.
Book ID: 231 Page: 9
Section: 5D
We have confused our relationship with Christ by fusing it with this Thing we call church. We are led to believe that when we are in a proper relationship with it we are in a proper relationship with Christ: that we have to be a member of a church to be saved or to be a good Christian: that serving it is serving Christ; that loving it is loving Christ; that tithing to it is tithing to Christ.
Quote ID: 5811
Time Periods: ?
Harlot Church System: “Come out of her, My people”, The
Charles Elliott Newbold, Jr.
Book ID: 231 Page: 10
Section: 5D
If it were true that going to church is synonymous with coming to Jesus, then we would have to ask: Which Jesus is it? Is it the Baptist Jesus? The Church of Christ Jesus? The Methodist Jesus? The Presbyterian Jesus? The Roman Catholic Jesus? The Orthodox Jesus? The Protestant Jesus? The Charismatic or Pentecostal Jesus? The Independent Jesus? There are so many to choose from. Unchurched people look at this mix of churches they are invited to join and wonder why anyone would want to be a part of that.
Quote ID: 5812
Time Periods: ?
Harlot Church System: “Come out of her, My people”, The
Charles Elliott Newbold, Jr.
Book ID: 231 Page: 39
Section: 5D
A harlot is feminine in gender. I mean no disparagement against anyone who is sexually broken, but when the bride of Christ joins herself to the harlotry of Self, she is operating in the perverse spirit of spiritual lesbianism and practicing spiritual self-sex. We are more “in lust” with ourselves that we are in sacrificial relationship with our Bridegroom, the Lord Jesus Christ. He is jealous of that.
Quote ID: 5814
Time Periods: ?
Harlot Church System: “Come out of her, My people”, The
Charles Elliott Newbold, Jr.
Book ID: 231 Page: 61
Section: 5D
Bill Shipman notices this dependency principle when he worked at a developmental center for young offenders. Rather than encouraging them to become productive citizens, the authorities did things that made them inmates more dependent. If one of the inmates showed any individuality, they were prescribed more Valium. Those in charge wanted to conform them rather than reform them because they needed the inmates to be dependent upon them.On several occasions Bill tried to get some of the inmates out of institutional dependency but was undercut by other staff members. They used fear to keep their young men feeling inadequate about themselves. “You better not listen to Bill,” they would say. “You’ll get out there and it’ll just be a matter of time before you’re back in here again.”
“I saw things in this institution,” Bill related, “that looked just like what I’d seen in the church by heavy-handed leaders with selfish ambition. It’s okay when you’re bettering the institution or bettering their positions, but when you try to better the clients—the people in need—you’re booed down.”
Quote ID: 5817
Time Periods: ?
Harlot Church System: “Come out of her, My people”, The
Charles Elliott Newbold, Jr.
Book ID: 231 Page: 111
Section: 5D
The Elijah spirit is being released today in part to speak judgment against the Ahabs and Jezebels who teach and seduce God’s servants to commit fornication and to eat things sacrificed to idols. Rev. 2:20. How we give our affections, time, money, energies, children, and the like to these idolatrous church systems we are in!
Quote ID: 5819
Time Periods: ?
Hesiod - Theogony Works and Days
Hesiod
Book ID: 108 Page: 40
Section: 5D
The race of men that the immortals who dwell on Olympus made first of all was of gold.
Quote ID: 2627
Time Periods: ?
Hesiod - Theogony Works and Days
Hesiod
Book ID: 108 Page: 40
Section: 5D
A second race after that, much inferior, the dwellers on Olympus made of silver.
Quote ID: 2628
Time Periods: ?
Hesiod - Theogony Works and Days
Hesiod
Book ID: 108 Page: 41
Section: 5D
Then Zeus the father made yet a third race of men, of bronze, not like the sliver in anything.
Quote ID: 2629
Time Periods: ?
Hesiod - Theogony Works and Days
Hesiod
Book ID: 108 Page: 41
Section: 5D
After the earth covered up this race too, Zeus son of Kronos made yet a fourth one upon the rich-pastured earth, a more righteous and noble one, the godly race of the heroes who are called demigods, our predecessors on the boundless earth.
Quote ID: 2630
Time Periods: ?
Hesiod - Theogony Works and Days
Hesiod
Book ID: 108 Page: 42
Section: 5D
Would that I were not then among the fifth men, but either dead earlier or born later! For now it is a race of iron;
Quote ID: 2631
Time Periods: ?
How the Irish Saved Civilization
Thomas Cahill
Book ID: 111 Page: 39
Section: 5D
For Augustine is the first human being to say “I”---and to mean what we mean today. His Confessions are, therefore, the first genuine autobiography in human history.
Quote ID: 2656
Time Periods: ?
Inferno of Dante, The
Robert Pinsky
Book ID: 235 Page: xi
Section: 5D
ForewordIn spite of Dante’s reputation as the greatest of Christian poets
Quote ID: 5857
Time Periods: ?
Invasion of Europe by the Barbarians, The
J. B. Bury
Book ID: 310 Page: 28
Section: 5D
The history of the third century, as already remarked, showed the natural tendency of the parts of this huge heterogeneous empire to fall asunder. The principal line of division was a language line --a line passing through the Balkan peninsula-- to the west of which line Latin was spoken generally, and to the east, Greek.
Quote ID: 7546
Time Periods: ?
Jerome, NPNF2 Vol. 6, Jerome: The Principal Works of St. Jerome
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 673 Page: 418
Section: 2B2,5D
Jupiter and Mercury, who were but men long ago dead.
Quote ID: 9639
Time Periods: 045
Jew in the Medieval World: A Sourcebook, The
Jacob Marcus
Book ID: 118 Page: 1
Section: 5D
Marcus Introduction The Middle Ages, for the Jew at least, begin with the advent to power of Constantine the Great (306-337). He was the first Roman emperor to issue laws which radically limited the rights of Jews aw citizens of the Roman Empire, a privilege conferred upon them by Caracalla in 212. As Christianity grew in power in the Roman Empire it influenced the emperors to limit further the civil and political rights of Jews. Most of the imperial laws that deal with the Jews since the days of Constantine are found in the Latin Codex Theodosianius (438) and in the Latin and Greek code of Justinian (534). Both of these monumental works are therefore very important, for they enable us to trace the history of progressive deterioration of Jewish rights.
Quote ID: 2755
Time Periods: ?
Jew in the Medieval World: A Sourcebook, The
Jacob Marcus
Book ID: 118 Page: 1
Section: 5D
In our first selection – laws of Constantine the Great – Judaism is denied the opportunity of remaining a missionary religion because of the prohibition to make proselytes.Mt. 23
Quote ID: 2756
Time Periods: ?
Jew in the Medieval World: A Sourcebook, The
Jacob Marcus
Book ID: 118 Page: 1
Section: 5D
The laws of Constantius (337-361), the second selection, forbid intermarriage between Jewish men and Christian women. A generation later, in 388 all marriages between Jews Christians were forbidden. Constantius also did away with the right of Jews to possess slaves. This prohibition to trade in and to keep slaves at a time when slave labor was common was not merely an attempt to arrest conversion to Judaism; it was also a blow at the economic life of the Jew. It put him at a disadvantage with his Christian competitor to who this economic privilege was assured.
Quote ID: 2757
Time Periods: ?
Jew in the Medieval World: A Sourcebook, The
Jacob Marcus
Book ID: 118 Page: 2
Section: 5D
A Latin law of Justinian (537 - 565), the final selection, down not allow a Jew to bear witness in court against an orthodox Christian. Thus as early as the sixth century the Jews were already laboring under social, economic, civil, political, and religious disabilities.
Quote ID: 2759
Time Periods: ?
Jew in the Medieval World: A Sourcebook, The
Jacob Marcus
Book ID: 118 Page: 2
Section: 5D
I. Laws of Constantine the Great, October 18, 315: Concerning Jews, Heaven-Worshippers*, And SamaritansWe wish to make it known to the Jews and their elders and their patriarchs that if, after the enactment of this law, any one of them dares to attack with stones or some other manifestation of anger another who has fled their dangerous sect and attached himself to the worship of God [Christianity], he must speedily be given to the flames and burn
Quote ID: 2760
Time Periods: ?
Jew in the Medieval World: A Sourcebook, The
Jacob Marcus
Book ID: 118 Page: 2
Section: 5D
II. Laws of Constantine August 13, 339: Concerning Jews, Heaven – Worshippers, And SamaritansThis pertains to women, who live in our weaving factories and whom Jews, in their foulness, take in marriage. It is decreed that these women are to be restored to the weaving factories. [Marriages between Jews and Christian women of the imperial weaving factory are to be dissolved.]
This prohibition [of intermarriage] is to be preserved for the future lest the Jews induce Christian women to share their shameful lives. If they do this they will subject themselves to a sentence of death. [The Jewish husbands are to be punished with death.]
Quote ID: 2761
Time Periods: ?
Jew in the Medieval World: A Sourcebook, The
Jacob Marcus
Book ID: 118 Page: 2
Section: 5D
II. Laws of Constantine August 13, 339: Concerning Jews, Heaven – Worshippers, And Samaritans…if any one among the Jews has purchased a slave of another sect or nation, that slave shall at once be appropriated for the imperial treasury.
If, indeed, he shall have circumcised the slave whom he has purchased, he will not only be fined for the damage done to that slave but he will also receive capital punishment.
If, indeed, a Jew does not hesitate to purchase slaves – those who are members of the faith that is worthy of respect [Christianity] then all these slaves who are found in his possession shall at once be removed. No delay shall be occasioned, but he is to be deprived of the possession of those men who are Christians.
Quote ID: 2762
Time Periods: ?
Jew in the Medieval World: A Sourcebook, The
Jacob Marcus
Book ID: 118 Page: 3
Section: 5D
III. A Law of Theodosius II, January 31, 439: Novella III: Concerning Jews, Samaritans, Heretics, And Pagansno Jew – or no Samaritan who subscribes to neither [the Jewish nor the Christian] religion – shall obtain offices and dignities; to none shall the administration of city service be permitted; nor shall any one exercise the office of a defender [that is, overseer] of the city.
Quote ID: 2763
Time Periods: ?
Jew in the Medieval World: A Sourcebook, The
Jacob Marcus
Book ID: 118 Page: 3
Section: 5D
III. A Law of Theodosius II, January 31, 439: Novella III: Concerning Jews, Samaritans, Heretics, And PagansMoreover, for the same reason, we forbid that any synagogue shall rise as a new building.
Quote ID: 2764
Time Periods: ?
Jew in the Medieval World: A Sourcebook, The
Jacob Marcus
Book ID: 118 Page: 3
Section: 5D
III. A Law of Theodosius II, January 31, 439: Novella III: Concerning Jews, Samaritans, Heretics, And Pagans…he who misleads a slave or a freeman against his will or by punishable advice, from the service of the Christian religion to that of an abominable sect and ritual, is to be punished by loss of property and life.
Quote ID: 2765
Time Periods: ?
Jew in the Medieval World: A Sourcebook, The
Jacob Marcus
Book ID: 118 Page: 3
Section: 5D
III. A Law of Theodosius II, January 31, 439: Novella III: Concerning Jews, Samaritans, Heretics, And PagansOn the one hand, whoever has built a synagogue must realize that he has worked to the advantage of the Catholic church [which will confiscate the building]; on the other hand, whoever has already secured the badge of office shall not hold the dignities he has acquired.
Quote ID: 2766
Time Periods: ?
Journal of Early Christian Studies Volume 19 / Number 2 / Summer 2011
The Johns Hopkins University Press
Book ID: 120 Page: 181
Section: 5D
F&S- Nuptial imagery is somewhat uncommon in other Nag Hammadi literature, though it does occur, as here in the Second Treatise of the Great Seth:And the Son of the Greatness, who was hidden in the region below, we brought to the height, where I am with all these aeons (Greek word), which no one has seen nor (Greek word) understood, where the wedding (Greek word) of the wedding robe (Greek word) is, the new wedding and not the old, nor (Greek word) does it perish. For the new bridal chamber (Greek word) is of the heavens and perfect (Greek word). {82}
Quote ID: 2769
Time Periods: ?
Julian’s Against the Galileans
R. Joseph Hoffmann
Book ID: 123 Page: 123
Section: 5D
This is nothing new, since the Galileans of our own day are like the first to receive the teaching from Paul, who says himself that those of the earliest days were people of the vilest sort in one of his letters.{384}
Quote ID: 2845
Time Periods: ?
Julian’s Against the Galileans
R. Joseph Hoffmann
Book ID: 123 Page: 144
Section: 5D
{??Father & Son chpt 7} Furthermore, Jesus—a ‘god’—requires the comfort of an angel as he prays, using language that would be humiliating even for a beggar who bemoans his adversity.
Quote ID: 2848
Time Periods: ?
Last Pagans of Rome, The
Alan Cameron
Book ID: 241 Page: 209
Section: 5D
There is in fact one further scrap of evidence. In the course of a bitter invective against the Jews (i. 395-98), Rutilius makes the point that, ironically enough, it was Titus’s conquest of Judaea that dispersed the Jews throughout the world:Once the pest was destroyed its contagion spread far and wide;
the conquered nation overwhelmed its own conquerors.
Commentators have long noticed the close similarity in both thought and language between the last line and fragment 42 of Seneca’s De Superstitione, also an invective on the Jews: “the customs of this detestable race become so prevalent that they have been adopted in every part of the world; the conquered have imposed their laws on their conquerors” (victi victoribus leges dederunt). That captive Greece had captured Rome was a commonplace, but Seneca is Rutilius’s only known predecessor in applying the same epigram to the Jewish Diaspora.
Quote ID: 6083
Time Periods: ?
Later Roman Empire, The
Averil Cameron
Book ID: 243 Page: 187
Section: 5D
“The year AD 476 as the date of the fall of the Roman Empire is more of a convenience for historians than anything else. . . .”
Quote ID: 6176
Time Periods: ?
Later Roman Empire, The
Averil Cameron
Book ID: 243 Page: 195ff
Section: 5D
These pages have a chronology of events East and West, a list of emperors AD 238 on, and a Bibliography of Primary Sources.
Quote ID: 6182
Time Periods: ?
Legionary - The Roman Soldier’s (Unofficial) Manual
Philip Matyszak
Book ID: 128 Page: 113
Section: 5D
Tiw, German god of war, likes his sacrifices (on Tiw’s days) as do Woden and Frey.
Quote ID: 2908
Time Periods: ?
Lives of the Twelve Caesars, The
Suetonius
Book ID: 246 Page: 48
Section: 5D
At the height of the public grief a throng of foreigners went about lamenting each after the fashion of his country, above all the Jews, {2} who even flocked to the place for several successive nights.
Quote ID: 6201
Time Periods: ?
Livy - The Early History of Rome, Penguin Classics Books 1-5
Aubrey De Selincourt (translated), R. M. Ogilvie (Introduction)
Book ID: 314 Page: 34
Section: 5D
I would then have him trace the process of our moral decline, to watch, first, the sinking of the foundations of morality as the old teaching was allowed to lapse, then the rapidly increasing disintegration, then the final collapse of the whole edifice, and the dark dawning of our modern day when we can neither endure our vices nor face the remedies needed to cure them.
Quote ID: 7644
Time Periods: 1
Lollards of the Chiltern Hills: Glimpses of English Dissent in the Middle Ages, The
W. H. Summers
Book ID: 248 Page: 65/66
Section: 5D
"John Longland, bishop of Lincoln instituted a strict inquiry into the prevalence of heresy." This led to a registry of heretics.page 137 of new book [new note]
Clark is on the list.
page 141 and 142 of new book
Quote ID: 6243
Time Periods: ?
Lost Letters of Pergamum, The
Bruce W. Longenecker
Book ID: 249 Page: 38
Section: 5D
Shipping lanes were generally closed from mid-November until mid-March (although the safest months to sail were between mid-May and mid-September).
Quote ID: 6258
Time Periods: ?
Lost Letters of Pergamum, The
Bruce W. Longenecker
Book ID: 249 Page: 127
Section: 5D
Third, if a Jew, a peasant falls under the burden of an additional tax. Until the destruction of Jerusalem and its temple, this duty came in the form of temple tax expected from every observant Jewish male in the empire. Temple tribute consisted of a variety of tithings at various times throughout the year. As a result, a sizable amount of agricultural produce was redirected to the temple priests and functionaries. In theory, this tribute was willingly offered as an expression of thanks and devotion to the Jewish god. In practice, these forms of tribute were often given with reluctance because most of the tribute was used to support the extravagant lifestyle of the high priestly clans based in Jerusalem, many of whom purchased their priesthoods in order to reap the significant rewards associated with the position. Their success in amassing wealth from their position is evidenced by the fact that, prior to the destruction of a large sector of the city by Roman forces in the Judean uprising, many of the priestly houses in Jerusalem were comparable in grandeur to the senatorial houses in Rome. Consequently, deep resentment toward the Jerusalem priesthood had taken hold within many sectors of Jewish peasantry
Quote ID: 6260
Time Periods: ?
Lost Letters of Pergamum, The
Bruce W. Longenecker
Book ID: 249 Page: 128
Section: 5D
Although the Jerusalem temple has been destroyed, a form of temple taxation has continued for the Jewish people, with taxation revenues now channeled to support the temple of Capitoline Jupiter in Rome. Facing severe financial difficulties and with the Jerusalem temple no longer in existence, the emperor Vespasian emperor 69-79 C.E. decided to redirect into the Roman coffers the tribute money that had formerly been paid to the Jerusalem temple.
Quote ID: 6261
Time Periods: ?
Lost Scriptures: Books That Did Not Make It into the New Testament
Bart D. Ehrman
Book ID: 427 Page: 114
Section: 5D
Then he saw Paul coming: a man short in stature, with a bald head, bowed legs, in good condition, eyebrows that met, a fairly large nose, and full of grace. At times he seemed human, at other times he looked like an angel.
Quote ID: 8686
Time Periods: ?
Mary Through the Centuries
Jaroslav Pelikan
Book ID: 148 Page: 29
Section: 5D
Three of the Gospels- Matthew, Mark, and John, but not Luke- did not speak in later chapters about “brethren” of Christ, as did apostle Paul. The apparently obvious and natural conclusion from this would seem to have been that after the miraculous conception of Jesus by the power of the Holy Spirit, Mary and Joseph went on to have other children of their own.
Quote ID: 3203
Time Periods: ?
Medieval Latin Lyrics
Helen Waddell
Book ID: 149 Page: 4
Section: 5D
Mors aurem vellens, “vivite,” ait, “venio.”
Quote ID: 3239
Time Periods: ?
Medieval Latin Lyrics
Helen Waddell
Book ID: 149 Page: 5
Section: 5D
Here’s Death twitching my ear, “Live,” says he, “for I’m coming.”
Quote ID: 3240
Time Periods: ?
Minor Latin Poets, LCL 484: Minor Latin Poets II
Minor Latin Poets
Book ID: 153 Page: 809
Section: 5D
Rutilius NamatianusA Voyage Home to Gaul Book I
Line 491
How oft the fount of blessings springs from ills!{a}
Quote ID: 3279
Time Periods: ?
Minor Latin Poets, LCL 484: Minor Latin Poets II
Minor Latin Poets
Book ID: 153 Page: 827
Section: 5D
Rutilius NamatianusA Voyage Home to Gaul Book 2
Line 55-60
But it was Stilicho’s will to hurl to ruin the eternal empire’s fate-fraught pledges and distaffs still charged with destinies. Let every torment of Nero in Tartarus now halt; let an even more miserable ghost consume the Stygian torches. Stilicho’s victim was immortal, Nero’s was mortal; the one destroyed the world’s mother, the other his own.
Quote ID: 3281
Time Periods: ?
Minucius Felix, Octavius, LCL 250: Tertullian, Minucius Felix
Minucius Felix
Book ID: 332 Page: 361
Section: 5D
Nor is it for the whole only that God takes thought, but likewise for the parts. Britain, for instance, lacks sunshine, but gets warmth from the surrounding sea.
Quote ID: 8094
Time Periods: ?
Minucius Felix, Octavius, LCL 250: Tertullian, Minucius Felix
Minucius Felix
Book ID: 332 Page: 379
Section: 5D
“How much truer the judgement which the dumb animals pass instintively upon those gods of yours! Mice, swallows, kites know that they have no feeling; they gnaw them, perch and settle on them, {b} and (unless you scare them) build in your god’s own mouth; spiders spin webs across his face, and hang their threads from his head.
Quote ID: 8096
Time Periods: ?
Minucius Felix, Octavius, LCL 250: Tertullian, Minucius Felix
Minucius Felix
Book ID: 332 Page: 395
Section: 5D
“There exist unclean and wandering spirits, whose heavenly vigour has been overlaid by earthly soils and lusts. These spirits, burdened and steeped in vices, have lost the simplicity of their original substance; as some consolation for their own calamity, these lost spirits cease not to conspire for others’ loss, to deprave them with their own depravity, and under the alienation of depraved and heathen superstitions to separate them from God. Such spirits are recognized as ‘demons’ by the poets, are discussed by philosophers, and were known to Socrates who, at the instigation and will of his attendant demon, declined or pursued certain courses of action.Pastor John notes: John’s note - Demons
Quote ID: 8099
Time Periods: ?
Minucius Felix, Octavius, LCL 250: Tertullian, Minucius Felix
Minucius Felix
Book ID: 332 Page: 397
Section: 5D
“These unclean spirits, or demons, as revealed to Magi and philosophers, find a lurking place under statues and consecrated images, and by their breath exercise influence as of a present God: at one while they inspire prophets, at another haunt temples, at another animate the fibres of entrails, govern the flight of birds, determine lots, and are the authors of oracles mostly wrapped in falsehood. Deceived as well as deceivers, they know not essential truth, and what they know they confess not to their own undoing. Thus they drag men downwards from Heaven, call them away from the true God to material things, perturb their life, disquiet their slumbers, creep into their bodies covertly, as impalpable spirits, produce diseases, strike terror into minds, distort the limbs, thus driving men to do them worship, in order that, when glutted with the reek of altars or with victim beasts, they may loosen the tightened bonds and claim to have effected a cure. From them too come the maniacs whom you see running into the street, soothsayers without a temple, raving, possessed, and whirling round. There is the same demoniac possession, though the guise of frenzy is different.. . .
“All this, as most of your people know, the demons themselves admit to be true, when they are driven out of men’s bodies by words of exorcism and the fire of prayer.
. . .
...when adjured in the name of the one true God, reluctantly, in misery, they quail and quake, and either suddenly leap forth at once, or vanish gradually, according to the faith exercised by the sufferer or the grace imparted by the healer.
Quote ID: 8100
Time Periods: ?
Monumental Christianity, Or the Art and Symbolism of the Primitive Church
John P. Lundy
Book ID: 155 Page: 49
Section: 5D
And in the Octavius of Minutius Felix, Caecil us says: “Must I not show my resentment against a lamentable crew of people prohibited by law, and desperately careless of what becomes of them in this world? Must I suffer such fellows to wage open war, and to march on without: control against the gods I worship?
Quote ID: 3297
Time Periods: ?
Nag Hammadi Library, The
James M. Robinson
Book ID: 253 Page: 21
Section: 5D
Introduction: The burning of the greatest library in antiquity at Alexandria by Christians late in the fourth century C.E. suggests that such a ready solution would hardly have been overlooked if the intent had been to get rid of the Nag Hammadi library.
Quote ID: 6388
Time Periods: ?
Nag Hammadi Library, The
James M. Robinson
Book ID: 253 Page: 105
Section: 5D
The Apocryphon of John: When I, John, heard these things I turned away from the temple to a desert place. 20 And I grieved greatly in my heart saying, “How then was the savior appointed, and why was he sent in to the world by his Father, and who is his Father who sent him, and of what sort 25 is that aeon to which we shall go? For what did he mean when he said to us, ‘This aeon to which you will go is of the type of the imperishable aeon,’ but he did not teach us concerning the latter of what sort it is.” 30
Quote ID: 6389
Time Periods: ?
Nag Hammadi Library, The
James M. Robinson
Book ID: 253 Page: 279
Section: 5D
I went about with her in a {10} glory which she had seen in the aeon from which we had come forth.
Quote ID: 7972
Time Periods: ?
Nag Hammadi Library, The
James M. Robinson
Book ID: 253 Page: 279
Section: 5D
“Then god, the ruler of the aeons and the powers, divided us in wrath. Then we became two aeons. And the glory in our heart(s) {25} left us, me and your mother Eve.
Quote ID: 7973
Time Periods: ?
Organization of the Early Christian Churches, The
Edwin Hatch, M. A.
Book ID: 255 Page: 218
Section: 5D
Lecture VIIITo you and me and men like ourselves is committed, in these anxious days, that which is at once an awful responsibility and a splendid destiny – to transform this modern world into a Christian society, to change the socialism which is based on the assumption of clashing interests into the socialism which is based on the sense of spiritual union, and to gather together the scattered forces of a divided Christendom into a confederation in which organization will be of less account than fellowship with one Spirit and faith in one Lord – into a communion wide as human life and deep as human need – into a Church which shall outshine even the golden glory of its dawn by the splendour of its eternal noon.
Quote ID: 6455
Time Periods: ?
Origen: Contra Celsum
Henry Chadwick
Book ID: 164 Page: 25
Section: 5D
If anyone is capable of understanding philosophically the mysterious significance of names, he would find much also about the titles of the angels of God. One of these is called Michael, another Gabriel, and another Raphael, and they are named after their activities which they execute in the whole world in accordance with the will of the God of the universe.
Quote ID: 3437
Time Periods: ?
Origen: Contra Celsum
Henry Chadwick
Book ID: 164 Page: 66
Section: 5D
Notice, then, what he says to Jewish believers. He says that deluded by Jesus, they have left the law of their fathers, and have been quite ludicrously deceived, and have deserted to another name and another life. He failed to notice that Jewish believers in Jesus have not left the law of their fathers. For they live according to it, and are named from the poverty of their interpretation of the law. The Jews call a poor man Ebion, and those Jews who have accepted Jesus as the Christ are called Ebionites.
Quote ID: 3438
Time Periods: ?
Origen: Contra Celsum
Henry Chadwick
Book ID: 164 Page: 199
Section: 5D
For it was, I believe, forty-two years from the time when they crucified Jesus to the destruction of Jerusalem.{1}[Footnote 1] Elsewhere Origen says that forty-two years were allowed for repentance (Hom. In Jerem. XIV, 13). The same period is named by Clem. Al. Strom. 1, 145, 5 (forty-two years, three months). Possibly the source of this figure was Phlegon of Tralles (see note on II, 14 above).
Quote ID: 3441
Time Periods: ?
Origen: Contra Celsum
Henry Chadwick
Book ID: 164 Page: 311
Section: 5D
Let us admit that some also accept Jesus and on that account boast that they are Christians although they still want to live according to the law of the Jews like the multitude of the Jews. These are the two sects of Ebionites, the one confessing as we do that Jesus was born of a virgin, the other holding that he was not born in this way but like other men.
Quote ID: 3447
Time Periods: ?
Origen: Contra Celsum
Henry Chadwick
Book ID: 164 Page: 314
Section: 5D
For there are some sects who do not accept the epistles of the apostle Paul, such as the two kinds of Ebionites and those who are called Encratites.
Quote ID: 3448
Time Periods: ?
Origen: Contra Celsum
Henry Chadwick
Book ID: 164 Page: 341
Section: 5D
They (Christians) informed him that this was Gehenna, also called Tartarus.
Quote ID: 3449
Time Periods: ?
Origen: Contra Celsum
Henry Chadwick
Book ID: 164 Page: 450
Section: 5D
On this account we may at once leave this, and pass on to consider Celsus’ next remarks where he says:First I would ask, Why should we not worship daemons? Are not all things indeed administered according to God’s will, and is not all providence derived from him? And whatever there may be in the universe, whether the work of God, or of angels, or of other daemons, or heroes, do not all these things keep a law given by the greatest God? And has there not been appointed over each particular thing a being who has been thought worthy to be allotted power? Would not a man, therefore, who worships
God rightly worship the being who has obtained authority from him? But it is impossible, he says, for the same man to serve several masters.
Quote ID: 3460
Time Periods: ?
Orosius: Seven Books of History against the Pagans
A. T. Fear
Book ID: 165 Page: 25
Section: 5D
More than two hundred manuscripts of Orosius survive and the work was translated into many European vernacular languages including Old English, {142} and into Arabic at the court of the Caliphs of Cordoba by Hafs al-Quti and Qasim ben Asbag, whence it passed into later Arabic historical thinking, most notably being used as a source by Ibn Khaldun.
Quote ID: 3474
Time Periods: ?
Pagan Christianity: The Origins of Our Modern Church Practices
Frank Viola
Book ID: 168 Page: 283/284
Section: 5D
In the year 1227, a professor at the University of Paris named Stephen Langton added chapters to all the books of the NT. Then in 1551, a printer named Robert Stephanus {13} numbered the sentences in all of the books of the NT. {14}According to Stephanus’ son, the verse divisions that his father created do not do service to the sense of the text. Stephanus did not use any consistent method. While riding on horseback from Paris to Lyons, he versified the entire NT within Langton’s chapter divisions. {15}
Quote ID: 3602
Time Periods: ?
Paganism and Christianity 100-425 C.E. a Sourcebook
Ramsay MacMullen and Eugene N. Lane
Book ID: 170 Page: 21/22
Section: 5D
Source: Cicero, On Divination 2.132-33, trans. William A. Falconer, LCL.….
But superstitious bards, soothsaying quacks,
Averse to work, or mad, or ruled by want,
Directing others how to go, and yet
What road to take they do not know themselves;
From those to whom they promise wealth they beg
A coin. From what they promised let them take
Their coin as toll and pass the balance on.
Quote ID: 3676
Time Periods: ?
Paganism in the Roman Empire
Ramsay MacMullen
Book ID: 171 Page: 129
Section: 5D
To offer certain sacrifices was out of the ordinary man’s reach, when five months of his labor were needed to make up the price of an ox.{49}
Quote ID: 3768
Time Periods: ?
Pagans and Christians: Religion and the Religious Life from the Second to Fourth Century A.D.
Robin Lane Fox
Book ID: 173 Page: 99
Section: 5D
….the visit of Paul and Barnabas to the Roman colony of Lystra, that “thriving, rather rustic market town” which had been founded some sixty years earlier in the Augustan age.{33}
Quote ID: 3858
Time Periods: ?
Pagans and Christians: Religion and the Religious Life from the Second to Fourth Century A.D.
Robin Lane Fox
Book ID: 173 Page: 185
Section: 5D
Plutarch’s other Delphic tract was addressed to Serapion, a Stoic, and discussed the difficult meaning of the letter “E” which was inscribed so prominently at Delphi.
Quote ID: 3860
Time Periods: ?
Pagans and Christians: Religion and the Religious Life from the Second to Fourth Century A.D.
Robin Lane Fox
Book ID: 173 Page: 190
Section: 5D
At Didyma, Apollo called the highest god Aion, or Eternity, a versatile concept which was also connected with Ethereal Fire and this same idea of a cycle of the Seasons: again, Apollo was reflecting a theological fashion, for the concept Aion enjoyed a greater prominence in the art and theology of the Imperial period.{69}
Quote ID: 3862
Time Periods: ?
Pindar, LCL 056: Pindar I
Pindar
Book ID: 145 Page: 103
Section: 5D
Ol. 6.8-9
Let the son of Sostratos{2} be assured
that he has his blessed foot
in such a sandal.
Quote ID: 3153
Time Periods: ?
Pindar, LCL 056: Pindar I
Pindar
Book ID: 145 Page: 113
Section: 5D
Ol. 6.82-83
Upon my tongue I have the sensation of a clear-sounding
whetstone,
which I welcome as it comes over me with lovely
streams of breath.{18}
Quote ID: 3154
Time Periods: ?
Pindar, LCL 056: Pindar I
Pindar
Book ID: 145 Page: 141
Section: 5D
Ol. 8.37.46
And when the wall [Troy] was freshly built, three blue-gray
snakes tried to jump upon the rampart: two fell down
and, stricken by terror, gave up their lives on the spot,
but one leapt in with a shout of triumph.
Apollo considered the adverse omen and immediately
said:
“Pergamos is to be captured,
hero, at the site of your handiwork-
thus does the vision sent by the son of Kronos,
loudly thundering Zeus, inform me-
not without your children; but it will begin with the first
ones
and also with the fourth.”{6}
Quote ID: 3156
Time Periods: ?
Pindar, LCL 056: Pindar I
Pindar
Book ID: 145 Page: 245
Section: 5D
Pyth. 2.76.77
Purveyors of slander are a deadly evil to both parties,{15}
with temperaments just like those of foxes.
Quote ID: 3160
Time Periods: ?
Pindar, LCL 485: Pindar II
Several
Book ID: 146 Page: 31
Section: 5D
Nemean 3, Lines 76-79
Of these you have no lack. Farewell, friend. I send you
this mixture of honey with white
milk, which the stirred foam crowns,
a drink of song accompanied by the Aeolian breaths of
pipes.
Quote ID: 3168
Time Periods: ?
Plato, Timaeus, LCL 234: Plato IX
Translated by R. G. Bury
Book ID: 421 Page: 53
Section: 5D
…as Being is to Becoming, so is Truth to Believe.
Quote ID: 8616
Time Periods: ?
Plato, Timaeus, LCL 234: Plato IX
Translated by R. G. Bury
Book ID: 421 Page: 53
Section: 5D
…we should be content if we can furnish accounts that are inferior to none in likelihood, remembering that both I who speak and you who judge are but human creatures, so that it becomes us to accept the likely account of these matters and forbear to search beyond it.
Quote ID: 8617
Time Periods: ?
Porphyry’s Against the Christians
R. Joseph Hoffman
Book ID: 181 Page: 41
Section: 5D
All the things attributed to Moses were really written eleven hundred years later by Ezra and his contemporaries.
Quote ID: 3961
Time Periods: ?
Porphyry’s Against the Christians
R. Joseph Hoffman
Book ID: 181 Page: 42
Section: 5D
What a story! What nonsense! What an offense to reason! Two thousand swine splashing into the sea, choking and dying! {18}
Quote ID: 3962
Time Periods: ?
Power and Persuasion in Late Antiquity: Towards a Christian Empire
Peter Brown
Book ID: 183 Page: 13
Section: 5D
It is best to begin with the ceremony of adventus, the solemn entry of the emperor or his representatives into a city.
Quote ID: 4015
Time Periods: ?
Rome Triumphant: How The Empire Celebrated Its Victories
Robert Payne
Book ID: 192 Page: 30
Section: 5D
“Sardians for sale!” The Romans believed that Sardis, the capital of Lydia, was the original home of the Etruscans.
Quote ID: 4428
Time Periods: ?
Secret Archives of the Vatican, The
Maria Luisa Ambrosini & With Mary Willis
Book ID: 269 Page: 23
Section: 5D
Peter thought that he had plunged into the most sinful of Babylons, and “from Babylon” dates the first of the papal encyclicals, warning that Christians must respect the public peace and established order.
Quote ID: 6789
Time Periods: ?
Sentences of Sextus, The by Richard Edwards
Translated by Richard A. Edwards and Robert A. Wild, S.J.
Book ID: 271 Page: 23
Section: 5D
(Line 53) While a wise man is alive his fame among men is small, but after his death men sing his praises.
Quote ID: 6821
Time Periods: ?
Sketches of Jewish Social Life (Updated Edition) Only Pictures
By Alfred Edersheim
Book ID: 346 Page: 2
Section: 5D
Picture - The Mount of Olives
Quote ID: 7982
Time Periods: ?
Sketches of Jewish Social Life (Updated Edition) Only Pictures
By Alfred Edersheim
Book ID: 346 Page: 31
Section: 5D
Map – The Kingdoms of Israel and Judah
Quote ID: 7983
Time Periods: ?
Sketches of Jewish Social Life (Updated Edition) Only Pictures
By Alfred Edersheim
Book ID: 346 Page: 35
Section: 5D
Picture – Damascus
Quote ID: 7984
Time Periods: ?
Sketches of Jewish Social Life (Updated Edition) Only Pictures
By Alfred Edersheim
Book ID: 346 Page: 90
Section: 5D
Picture – Dirt covered house
Quote ID: 7985
Time Periods: ?
Sketches of Jewish Social Life (Updated Edition) Only Pictures
By Alfred Edersheim
Book ID: 346 Page: 91
Section: 5D
Picture – Upper room
Quote ID: 7986
Time Periods: ?
Sketches of Jewish Social Life (Updated Edition) Only Pictures
By Alfred Edersheim
Book ID: 346 Page: 115
Section: 5D
Picture – Scroll
Quote ID: 7987
Time Periods: ?
Tertullian, Apology and De Spectaculis, LCL 250
Translated by T.R. Glover
Book ID: 134 Page: 59
Section: 5D
chapter X
The whole of Italy in fact, after being called Oenotria, bore the name Saturnia.
Quote ID: 2948
Time Periods: ?
Tertullian, Apology and De Spectaculis, LCL 250
Translated by T.R. Glover
Book ID: 134 Page: 65
Section: 5D
chapter XI
. . . bottom of Tartarus, which you, when you so please, affirm to be the prison of infernal punishment. That is the place to which commonly are relegated the impious, those who commit incest on parents or sisters, who seduce wives, rape virgins, defile boys, who are cruel, who kill, who steal, who deceive, anyone, in short, who might be like some god or other of yours, . . .
. . . .
Your justice is an affront to heaven. You should make your worst criminals into gods, if you would please your gods! The consecration of their equals is an honour to them!
Quote ID: 2950
Time Periods: ?
Tertullian, Apology and De Spectaculis, LCL 250
Translated by T.R. Glover
Book ID: 134 Page: 81
Section: 5D
chapter XV
For, in fact, with other people, you have dreamed that our God is an ass’s head. This sort of notion Cornelius Tacitus introduced.
Quote ID: 2952
Time Periods: ?
Tertullian, Apology and De Spectaculis, LCL 250
Translated by T.R. Glover
Book ID: 134 Page: 85
Section: 5D
chapter XVI
But quite recently in this city a new representation of our god has been displayed, since a certain person,{f} a criminal hired to dodge wild beasts in the arena, exhibited a picture with this inscription: “The God of the Christians, ass-begotten.” It had ass’s ears; one foot was a hoof; it carried a book and wore a toga.
Quote ID: 2956
Time Periods: ?
Tertullian, Apology and De Spectaculis, LCL 250
Translated by T.R. Glover
Book ID: 134 Page: 155
Section: 5D
chapter XXXII
Do you not know that genius is a name for demon, or in the diminutive daemonium?
Quote ID: 2965
Time Periods: ?
Tertullian, Apology and De Spectaculis, LCL 250
Translated by T.R. Glover
Book ID: 134 Page: 215
Section: 5D
chapter XLVIII
Accordingly their bodies, too, will be re-fashioned, because the soul by itself alone cannot suffer anything without some solid matter, that is the flesh; and because, whatever souls desserve in the judgement of God to suffer, they did not earn it without the flesh, clothed with which they committed all their acts.
Quote ID: 2973
Time Periods: ?
Tertullian, Apology and De Spectaculis, LCL 250
Translated by T.R. Glover
Book ID: 134 Page: 273
Section: 5D
They are plunged in grief by another’s bad luck, high in delight at another’s success. What they long to see, what they dread to see, - neither has anything to do with them; their love is without reason, their hatred without justice.
Quote ID: 8080
Time Periods: ?
Theophilus, ANF Vol. 2, Fathers of the Second Century
Ante Nicene Fathers
Book ID: 22 Page: 113
Section: 5D
Chap. VIII – WICKEDNESS ATTRIBUTED TO THE GODS BY HEATHEN WRITERS. - Book IIII am silent about the temples of Antinous, and of the others whom you call gods.
Pastor John notes: John’s Note: This dates this work. Has to be after Hadrian.
Quote ID: 410
Time Periods: ?
Theophilus, ANF Vol. 2, Fathers of the Second Century
Ante Nicene Fathers
Book ID: 22 Page: 117
Section: 5D
Chap. XIX – ACCURATE ACCOUNT OF THE DELUGE. - Book III.…we have already said, were eight. And of the ark, the remains are to this day to be seen in the Arabian mountains. This, then, is in sum the history of the deluge.
Quote ID: 413
Time Periods: ?
Twelve Conclusions of the Lollards, The
The Geoffrey Chaucer Page
Book ID: 275 Page: 8
Section: 5D
The Twelfth Conclusion: Arts and CraftsWe pray God of his endless goodness reform our church, all out of joint, to the perfections of the first beginning. Amen.
Quote ID: 6948
Time Periods: ?
Urban Religion in Roman Corinth
Daniel N. Schowalter and Steven J. Friesen
Book ID: 283 Page: 27
Section: 5D
Footnote Greece was not converted into a province until 46 B.C.E. under Julius Caesar, and then again in 27 B.C.E. under Augustus.
Quote ID: 7180
Time Periods: ?
Urban Religion in Roman Corinth
Daniel N. Schowalter and Steven J. Friesen
Book ID: 283 Page: 112
Section: 5D
The fountains of Peirene and Glauke provide fascinating case studies in the monumental history of Corinth in the early Roman period (figs. 4.1 and 4.2, pp. 114-15). The two structures were “survivors” from pre-Roman Corinth, resuscitated soon after the refoundation of the city as a Roman colony. Both were high-capacity fountains that must have served as primary watering points in Roman Corinth, a city that would be noted for being “well watered,” as it had been since the Archaic period.
Quote ID: 7183
Time Periods: ?
Urban Religion in Roman Corinth
Daniel N. Schowalter and Steven J. Friesen
Book ID: 283 Page: 118
Section: 5D
Indeed, Euripides must have been imagining the situation of his times when, in the Medea, he depicted “sacred” or “hallowed” Peirene as a busy city fountain, where old men sat playing games, talking and watching the traffic of water-bearers.
Quote ID: 7185
Time Periods: ?
Urban Religion in Roman Corinth
Daniel N. Schowalter and Steven J. Friesen
Book ID: 283 Page: 205
Section: 5D
Corinth is called “wealthy” because of its commerce, since it is situated on the Isthmus and is master of two harbours. . . . The temple of Aphrodite was so rich that it owned more than a thousand temple-slaves (ιεροδούλος), courtesans (έταίρας), whom both men and women had dedicated to the goddess. And therefore it was also on account of these women that the city was crowded with people and grew rich; for instance, the ship-captains freely squandered their money, and hence the proverb, “Not for every man is the voyage to Corinth.” Strabo, Geography 8.6.20
Quote ID: 7187
Time Periods: ?
Urban Religion in Roman Corinth
Daniel N. Schowalter and Steven J. Friesen
Book ID: 283 Page: 213
Section: 5D
Every woman who lives in that country must once in her lifetime go to the temple of Aphrodite and sit there and be lain by a strange man. . . . When once a woman has taken her seat there, she may not go home again until one of the strangers throws a piece of silver into her lap and lies with her, outside of the temple. . . . Once she has lain with him, she has fulfilled her obligation to the goddess and gets gone to her home. in Corinth
Quote ID: 7189
Time Periods: ?
Victory Of The Cross, The
Desmond O’Grady
Book ID: 278 Page: 29
Section: 5D
At his death in AD 14, the city probably had eight hundred thousand inhabitants in an empire of thirty-five million, about five million of whom were Roman citizens.
Quote ID: 6976
Time Periods: ?
Voting about God in Early Church Councils
Ramsay MacMullen
Book ID: 285 Page: 24
Section: 5D
Why should Christians when they met together debate and inquire about the nature of their God? Were they acting under God’s instructions? Did God care what they thought?Perhaps only a visitor from Mars would puzzle over such questions. They find no answers in the sources because evidently they were never asked.
Quote ID: 7266
Time Periods: ?
End of quotes