Section: 3A2B - Property
Number of quotes: 91
A Chronicle of the Last Pagans
Pierre Chuvin
Book ID: 4 Page: 77/78
Section: 3A2B
Not until 398 did Porphyrius succeed in having the temples of Gaza closed, and, even so, the Marneion continued to be used in secret. But the bishop wanted more; he wanted the temple of Marnas destroyed. Violence of that kind posed a grave political problem, and the emperor, Arcadius, was aware of it when, probably in October 400, he replied to the bishop of Gaza: “Well do I know that your city is full of idols. But it is prompt in paying taxes and contributes much to the treasury. If we were suddenly to terrorize these people, they might flee and we would lose considerable revenues.”{14} In order to achieve his goals, the bishop ingratiated himself with the empress, who was then pregnant, by predicting that she would give birth to a son, which she did shortly thereafter. It still took a good bit of maneuvering and the occasion of the little prince’s baptism for Porphyrius finally to obtain, early in 402, a decree from the emperor to demolish the temples in Gaza---eight in all, to be destroyed by imperial troops between the 12th and 24th of May of that year. The prospect of pillage encouraged the fervor of the soldiers.{15}
Quote ID: 46
Time Periods: 45
A Chronicle of the Last Pagans
Pierre Chuvin
Book ID: 4 Page: 87
Section: 3A2A,3A2B
The situation deteriorated. The Jews, having agreed on an identifying sign (a ring made of palm fibers), arranged night-time sallies to beat up Christians. They might also have decided to burn, again by night, the church known as Alexander’s church. But the rumor spread, Christians ran for help, and Jews allegedly murdered every person they encountered who was not wearing a ring of palm fibers. This at least is the version told by Bishop Cyril in order to justify the ensuing reprisals he led, as he destroyed synagogues and expelled Jews from the city, confiscating their property. The event impressed his contemporaries for, Socrates reminds us with no little gravity, Jews had lived in Alexandria ever since its foundation.
Quote ID: 48
Time Periods: 45
A History Of The Inquisition Of The Middle Ages Vol. I
Henry Charles Lea, LL.D.
Book ID: 9 Page: 226
Section: 3A2A,3A2B
every prince and noble was made to understand that his lands would be exposed to the spoiler if, after due notice, he hesitated in trampling out heresy. Minor officials were subjected to the same discipline. According to the Council of Toulouse in 1229, any bailli not diligent in persecuting heresy forfeited his property and was ineligible to public employment, while by the Council of Narbonne in 1244, any one holding temporal jurisdiction who delayed in exterminating heretics was held guilty of fautorship of heresy, became an accomplice of heretics, and thus was subjected to the penalties of heresy; this was extended to all who should neglect a favorable opportunity of capturing a heretic, or of helping those seeking to capture him. From the emperor to the meanest peasant the duty of persecution was enforced with all the sanctions, spiritual and temporal, which the Church could command.
Quote ID: 122
Time Periods: 7
A History Of The Inquisition Of The Middle Ages Vol. I
Henry Charles Lea, LL.D.
Book ID: 9 Page: 230
Section: 3A2A,3A2B
Nor was the Church content to exercise its power over the living only; the dead must feel its chastening hand. It seemed intolerable that one who had successfully concealed his iniquity and had died in communion should be left to lie in consecrated ground and should be remembered in the prayers of the faithful. Not only had he escaped the penalty due to his sins, but his property, which was forfeit to Church and State, had unlawfully descended to his heirs, and must be recovered from them.
Quote ID: 124
Time Periods: 7
A History of the Inquisition of the Middle Ages: Its Organization and Operation
Henry Charles Lea, LL. D
Book ID: 237 Page: 19
Section: 3A2B
In the territories which remained to Count Raymond his vacillating course gave rise to much dissatisfaction, until, in 1234, he was compelled to enact, with the consent of his prelates and barons, a statute drawn up by the fanatic Raymond du Fauga of Toulouse which...decreed confiscation against every one who failed, when called upon, to aid the Church in the capture and detention of heretics.
Quote ID: 5936
Time Periods: 7
A History of the Inquisition of the Middle Ages: Its Organization and Operation
Henry Charles Lea, LL. D
Book ID: 237 Page: 19/20
Section: 3A2A,3A2B
In Aragon, Don Jayme I., in 1226, issued an edict prohibiting all heretics from entering his dominions. In 1234, in conjunction with his prelates, he drew up a series of laws instituting an episcopal Inquisition of the severest character, to be supported by the royal officials; in this appears for the first time a secular prohibition of the Bible in the vernacular. All possessing any books of the Old or New Testament, “in Romancio,” are summoned to deliver them within eight days to their bishops to be burned, under pain of being held suspect of heresy.….
The State was rendered completely subservient to the Church in the great task of exterminating heresy.
Quote ID: 5937
Time Periods: 7
A History of the Inquisition of the Middle Ages: Its Organization and Operation
Henry Charles Lea, LL. D
Book ID: 237 Page: 77
Section: 3A2A,3A2B
Not the least important among the functionaries of the Inquisition were the lowest class - the apparitors, messengers, spies, and bravos, known generally by the name of familiars.….
Not only did they enjoy the immunity from secular jurisdiction attaching to all in the service of the Church, but the special authority granted by Innocent IV, in 1245, to the inquisitors to absolve their familiars from acts of violence rendered them independent even of the ecclesiastical tribunals.
….
Thus panoplied, they could tyrannize at will over the defenseless population, and it is easy to imagine the amount of extortion which they could practice with virtual impunity by threatening arrest or accusation at a time when falling into the hands of the Inquisition was about the heaviest misfortune which could befall any man, whether orthodox or heretic.
Quote ID: 5942
Time Periods: 7
A.D. 381 Heretics, Pagans, and the Dawn of the Monotheistic State
Charles Freeman
Book ID: 11 Page: 118
Section: 3A2B
In 388 Theodosius had been irritated by a request for advice from a local governor concerning the sacking of a Jewish synagogue at Callinicum on the Euphrates by a Christian mob led by their bishop. The emperor simply suggested that the bishop should be ordered to bear the cost of restoring the building. When Ambrose heard of the matter, he tried to present the emperor with a very different response to the incident.….
Ambrose further dramatized the affair by claiming that he would be happy to take responsibility for giving ‘the orders that there would be no building in which Christ was denied’. [I] Theodosius quietly sent a command to the local governor cancelling his original instructions.
….
-now an emperor was condoning a Christian attack on a Jewish place of worship.
Quote ID: 208
Time Periods: 4
A.D. 381 Heretics, Pagans, and the Dawn of the Monotheistic State
Charles Freeman
Book ID: 11 Page: 119
Section: 3A2B
In 386 the orator Libanius bravely warned Theodosius of the devastating effect that tearing down ancient temples in the countryside would have on peasant life. He detailed how ‘the black-robed tribe the monks . . . hasten to attach the temples with sticks and stones and bars of iron . . . utter desolation follows, with the stripping of roofs demolition of walls, the tearing down of statues and the overthrow of altars. . . the priest i.e. of the sanctuary concerned must either keep quiet or die’. This is one of the last pleas for religious toleration to be recorded in the ancient world. The archaeological evidence for this destruction, in both the eastern and western empire, is pervasive.4
Quote ID: 209
Time Periods: 4
Altar of Victory - Paganism’s Last Battle
Rev. James J. Sheridan (pdf)
Book ID: 351 Page: 192
Section: 3A2B
If the senate in 394, because it had a pagan majority, could withstand the moody Theodosius I, fresh from a victory (considered miraculous) over the pagans, why could not the senate, if it had a pagan majority, withstand the milder Gratian in 382 and the youthful Valentinian II in 384?
Quote ID: 8113
Time Periods: 014
Apologetic Discourse and the Scribal Tradition
Wayne C. Kannaday
Book ID: 26 Page: 24
Section: 3A2B
The dearth of sources we encounter on the pagan side is due in part to the vitriolic zeal with which post-Constantinian Christians at the request of their bishops or under orders from the emperor stoked their bonfires with anti-Christian writings.
Quote ID: 485
Time Periods: 4
Apologetic Discourse and the Scribal Tradition
Wayne C. Kannaday
Book ID: 26 Page: 32
Section: 3A2B
Porphyry of Tyre. Widely considered by ancients as well as current scholars one of the most formidable of the pagan critics of Christianity, it is regrettable that the works of Porphyry (c. 232-305) have been for the most part lost. Surviving the first condemnation under Constantine, his works were once more ordered burned by Theodosius and Valentinian in 448 C.E. This systematic torching of his writings directed by emperors and church leaders suggests that something about Porphyry and his prose posed a particularly serious threat to early Christians.
Quote ID: 487
Time Periods: 45
Authority and the Sacred: Aspects of the Christianisation of the Roman World
Peter Brown
Book ID: 35 Page: 5/6
Section: 3A2B
Narratives of the end of paganism - such as the dramatic destruction of the Serapeum of Alexandria in around 392 - follow an analogous, brisk rhythm.5 It was enough that Serapis should be seen to have been driven from the shrine that he had ‘possessed’ for so many centuries, by the power of Christ, made palpable through the successful violence of His servants. It was assumed that Alexandria had been ‘healed’ by the passing of its greatest god, and could henceforth be treated as a Christian city.More important still, such an otherworldly narrative even enabled the devotees of the old gods to accept what was, often, a brutal fait accompli. The worshippers of Serapis declared that, in a manner characteristic of the gods of Egypt, their god had simply withdrawn to heaven, saddened that so much blasphemy should happen in his favoured city.[6] The end of sacrifice and the closing of the temples merely reflected on earth the outcome of a conflict of mighty invisible beings.
Quote ID: 674
Time Periods: 4
Authority and the Sacred: Aspects of the Christianisation of the Roman World
Peter Brown
Book ID: 35 Page: 52
Section: 3A2B
After the violent public humiliation of the gods who had dwelt in them, temples and statues could be allowed to survive intact as ‘ornaments’ of their city. No longer associated with the ‘contagion’ of sacrifice, the shining marble of classical statues was held to have regained a pristine innocence. The idols became what they have remained for us – works of art. It was a situation whose humour was not lost on the wry pagan, Palladas of Alexandria, as he viewed the splendid art gallery set up in the palace of a Christian lady, Marina: ‘The inhabitants of Olympus, having become Christians, live here undisturbed: for here, at least, they will escape the cauldron that melts them down for petty change.’ 47
Quote ID: 709
Time Periods: 4
Cathars: Perfect Heresy, The
Stephen O’Shea
Book ID: 261 Page: 109
Section: 3A2B
The crusaders destroyed vineyards, burned crops, took what was not theirs.
Quote ID: 6581
Time Periods: 7
Christianity & Paganism in the Fourth to Eighth Centuries
Ramsay MacMullen
Book ID: 57 Page: 2
Section: 3A2B
In the succeeding generation, Theodosius promulgated harsh anti-pagan laws and ordered the destruction of the huge, the world-famous, Sarapis temple in Alexandria.
Quote ID: 1256
Time Periods: 4
Christianity & Paganism in the Fourth to Eighth Centuries
Ramsay MacMullen
Book ID: 57 Page: 4
Section: 3A2B
They misrepresent, first, because what was written in the past had to be transmitted from generation to generation across succeeding centuries, and those centuries, as everyone knows, constituted a differentially permeable membrane: it allowed the writings of Christianity to pass through but not of Christianity’s enemies.
Quote ID: 1257
Time Periods: 147
Christianity & Paganism in the Fourth to Eighth Centuries
Ramsay MacMullen
Book ID: 57 Page: 4
Section: 3A2B
Quite to the contrary: at the very point of origin, back then in late antiquity, both secular and ecclesiastical authorities repeatedly destroyed unedifying texts, in well advertised ceremonies, most obviously in sectarian disputes where rival claims for orthodoxy were pitted against each other; whereupon one of them along with its creeds and treatises would be declared heterodox by the other, and measures would be taken to insure that no trace of its existence remained except, perhaps, what might be embedded in victorious disproofs and rejoinders.{4}
Quote ID: 1258
Time Periods: 147
Christianity & Paganism in the Fourth to Eighth Centuries
Ramsay MacMullen
Book ID: 57 Page: 4
Section: 3A2B
Non-Christian writings came in for this same treatment, that is, destruction in great bonfires at the center of the town square. Copyists were discouraged from replacing them by the threat of having their hands cut off.{5}[Footnote 5] To evidence in MacMullen (1984) 125 n. 15 on Celsus and Hierocles and at p. 164 n. 49 on Sibylline oracles, add Thurman loc. cit. on the campaign against the texts of Porphyry, which were targeted earlier also, cf. Soc., H. E. 1.9 of 325 (PG 67.85A) and CJ 1.1.3.1 (a. 448); also, unspecified pagan writings targeted in 529, Constantelos (1964) 375; again in a. 555 at Antioch, cf. Vita S. Symeon. Iun. 161, Ven (1962 - 70) 1 p. 144; and in 562 in the easter capital, Malal. 18f. p. 491 Dindorf and Michael Syr., Chron. 9-33 = Chabot (1899-1910) 2.271 two episodes, one involving thousands of books in “Asia.” Contrast the careful copying of accepted writings on the best materials, e.g. Hier., De viris ill. 113 (PL 23.707)
Quote ID: 1259
Time Periods: 147
Christianity & Paganism in the Fourth to Eighth Centuries
Ramsay MacMullen
Book ID: 57 Page: 4
Section: 3A2B
Together with the destruction of unwanted books, unwanted fact itself might disappear even in those books that were not destroyed, because of their partisan reporting. The father of ecclesiastical history, Eusebius, in a particularly serious aside, disclaimed the telling of the whole truth. Rather, he proposed to limit his account to “what may be of profit.” His example found favor among successors, by whom all sorts of details were bent out of shape or passed over, events were entirely suppressed, church councils deliberately forgotten, until in recent times even the wrong saint and pope might vanish from the record, or almost.{6}
Quote ID: 1260
Time Periods: 147
Christianity & Paganism in the Fourth to Eighth Centuries
Ramsay MacMullen
Book ID: 57 Page: 5
Section: 3A2B
Historians’ consensus, such as it was until at least the 1980s, rested on a corrupt foundation.
Quote ID: 1262
Time Periods: 147
Christianity & Paganism in the Fourth to Eighth Centuries
Ramsay MacMullen
Book ID: 57 Page: 13
Section: 3A2B
More to the fore were specific demands for aggressive action by fulminating synods or individual zealots, of whom I may pick out Firmicus Maternus in 346, adjuring the emperors, “Little remains, before the Devil shall lie utterly prostrate, overthrown by Your laws, and the lethal infection of a vanquished idolatry shall be no more. . . .The favoring numen of Christ has reserved for Your hands the annihilation of idolatry and the destruction of profane temples.”
Quote ID: 1264
Time Periods: 147
Christianity & Paganism in the Fourth to Eighth Centuries
Ramsay MacMullen
Book ID: 57 Page: 51
Section: 3A2B
Then was the fated moment for the assault on Sarapis [PJ: in 389]. At the head of a great mob of Christians, “one of the soldiers, fortified more by faith than by arms,” with an axe smashed at the jaw of the god, and others joined in to hammer off the head and burn the whole.{61}....
The bishops’ aim was of course to demonstrate as insultingly as possible the ridiculous nothingness of sacred images.
Quote ID: 1291
Time Periods: 4
Christianizing the Roman Empire
Ramsay MacMullen
Book ID: 58 Page: 90
Section: 3A2B
In 363 they killed Bishop George for repeated acts of pointed outrage, insult, and pillage of the most sacred treasures of the city. The emperor Julian, like Theodosius twenty-five years later, was talked out of harsh reprisals by his advisers.
Quote ID: 1479
Time Periods: 4
Christianizing the Roman Empire
Ramsay MacMullen
Book ID: 58 Page: 90/91
Section: 3A2B
There were incidents of vandalism against non-Christian shrines in what is now central Turkey in the 350’s and early in Julian’s reign; also in Syria (a bishop was lynched by pagans who had not forgiven his destruction of their city’s chief temple.)
Quote ID: 1480
Time Periods: 4
Christianizing the Roman Empire
Ramsay MacMullen
Book ID: 58 Page: 98
Section: 3A2B
At some date between Libanius [PJ: 314–392] and these latter figures, Syria saw Bishop Marcellus of Apamea in operation. He felt he could get no further with the non-Christians by peaceful exhortation and so used the license of the law to call in the army against both the chief city of his see and the villages around about. While the demolition crew was at work on a vast Zeus-shrine in the suburbs one day, and he was watching from the sidelines, the locals noticed him, grabbed him, carried him off, and burnt him alive. Later the provincial council forbade his sons to seek vengeance, saying they should rather consider him blessed in the opportunity of his martyrdom.
Quote ID: 1491
Time Periods: 45
Christianizing the Roman Empire
Ramsay MacMullen
Book ID: 58 Page: 101
Section: 3A2B
But force and violence in this period could break through law at any moment. Archeological demonstration of this fact is abundantly scattered across the northern provinces, for which written sources hardly survive: broken buildings, burnt-out buildings, hastily buried icons and sacred vessels. To the south, there is testimony in the fact (A.D. 399) that “Gaudentius and Jovius, Counts of the emperor Honorius, on March 19 overthrew the temples and broke the images of the false gods” in Carthage. “From that time to the present” (writes Augustine, a quarter-century later) “who does not see how much the worship of the name of Christ has increased?” Experience in Carthage thus matched that of Alexandria: smashing the physical fabric of all competing cults could produce solid results, though not absolutely final ones. Smashing spread out from Carthage to other towns, and still there remained some people not convinced or converted.From Rome in 407 issued a decree to the west, “If any images stand even now in the temples and shrines..., they shall be torn from their foundations...the buildings themselves of the temples which are situated in cities or towns shall be vindicated to public use. Altars shall be destroyed in all places.” Nothing could be more explicit. It was no longer enough to favor the church, no longer enough to forbid the murkier practices of pagan cults; now anything and everything to do with them must be annihilated. It had been a long war. “We recognize,” the emperors continue, “that this regulation has been very often decreed by repeated sanctions.” but by A.D. 407 it could be fairly claimed that non-Christians were outlaws at last, and (it followed) that a state religion had at last emerged.
Quote ID: 1495
Time Periods: 45
Closing of the Western Mind, The
Charles Freeman
Book ID: 205 Page: 272
Section: 3A2B
In the dispute over the Altar of Victory in the Senate house in the 380s, it was Ambrose in Milan, where he had direct access to the emperor, a vital consideration so far as ecclesiastical power was concerned, who masterminded its removal, rather than Damasus the bishop of Rome.
Quote ID: 4971
Time Periods: 4
Complete Palladas, The
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 19
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-528
About the House of Marina
Because they’re Christian now, Olympians{19}
May live here unmolested where they won’t
Be melted in the fire to make small coins.
Quote ID: 8772
Time Periods: 45
Complete Palladas, The
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 19
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-528
About the House of Marina
Because they’re Christian now, Olympians{19}
May live here unmolested where they won’t
Be melted in the fire to make small coins.
Quote ID: 9768
Time Periods: 45
Complete Palladas, The
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 19
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-528
About the House of Marina
Because they’re Christian now, Olympians{19}
May live here unmolested where they won’t
Be melted in the fire to make small coins.
Quote ID: 9774
Time Periods: 45
Complete Palladas, The
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 19
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-528
About the House of Marina
Because they’re Christian now, Olympians{19}
May live here unmolested where they won’t
Be melted in the fire to make small coins.
Quote ID: 9789
Time Periods: 45
Complete Palladas, The
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 19
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-528
About the House of Marina
Because they’re Christian now, Olympians{19}
May live here unmolested where they won’t
Be melted in the fire to make small coins.
Quote ID: 9874
Time Periods: 45
Complete Palladas, The
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 20
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-773
The clever smith forged Love{20} into a cooking pan
Since both such things can badly burn a man.
Quote ID: 8773
Time Periods: 45
Complete Palladas, The
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 20
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-773
The clever smith forged Love{20} into a cooking pan
Since both such things can badly burn a man.
Quote ID: 9769
Time Periods: 45
Complete Palladas, The
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 20
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-773
The clever smith forged Love{20} into a cooking pan
Since both such things can badly burn a man.
Quote ID: 9775
Time Periods: 45
Complete Palladas, The
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 20
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-773
The clever smith forged Love{20} into a cooking pan
Since both such things can badly burn a man.
Quote ID: 9790
Time Periods: 45
Complete Palladas, The
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 20
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-773
The clever smith forged Love{20} into a cooking pan
Since both such things can badly burn a man.
Quote ID: 9875
Time Periods: 45
Constantine’s Sword: The Church and the Jews
James Carroll
Book ID: 68 Page: 309
Section: 3A2B
The two-sword theory of Saint Bernard was here given its first mature expression, as the king carried out the physical sanction decreed by the spiritual court. The bonfire was lit. The Talmud burned. It would take one and a half days to consume all volumes. {24}
Quote ID: 1864
Time Periods: 7
Early Christian Church, The
J.G. Davies
Book ID: 214 Page: 171
Section: 3A2B
Martin [PJ: of Tours 316–397] became an active and energetic missionary to the whole district. He led his monks in preaching, in destroying temples and in baptizing.
Quote ID: 5321
Time Periods: 4
Eusebius, NPNF2 Vol. 1, Eusebius Pamphilius: Church History, Life of Constantine, Oration in Praise of Constantine
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 668 Page: 515
Section: 3A2A,3A2B,3C
I call God to witness, as is fitting, who is the helper of my endeavors and the preserver of all men, that I had a twofold reason for undertaking this duty which I have now performed. My design then was first to bring the various beliefs formed by all nations about God to a condition of settled uniformity.
Eusebius, The Life of Constantine, II.lxiv.
Quote ID: 9574
Time Periods: 4
Formation of Christendom, The
Judith Herrin
Book ID: 225 Page: 77
Section: 3A2B,4B
In 529, Justinian made it illegal for pagans to hold public teaching positions. The Academy at Athens was doomed, its property confiscated. To replace all such educational systems with Christian education was his goal.
Quote ID: 5664
Time Periods: 6
God’s Bestseller
Brian Moynahan
Book ID: 98 Page: 39
Section: 3A2A,3A2B
Early in December 1514, the body of a rich London tailor named Richard Hunne had been found hanging by the neck in a cell of the Lollards’ tower, the ecclesiastical prison maintained by the bishop of London in the west churchyard of St Paul’s Cathedral. Three years before, Hunne’s son Stephen had died at the age of five weeks. The infant’s body was taken to St Mary’s Church in Whitechapel for burial, where Thomas Dryfield, the priest at St Mary’s, demanded a ‘mortuary’ for performing the service. By tradition, a priest could demand to be given a piece of property belonging to the deceased.
Quote ID: 2512
Time Periods: 7
Growth of Church Institutions, The
The Rev. Edwin Hatch, M. A., D.D., (Reader In Ecclesiastical History In The University Of Oxford Sec
Book ID: 230 Page: 107
Section: 3A2B
But both throughout the Middle Ages and until the present time tithes have preserved at least one indelible mark of their origin. Being originally a rent, and sometimes a rent for land of which the State had enforced the leasing, they shared with all other kinds of rent the nature of a contract. They were consequently a payment which the State could properly enforce. From time to time indeed, and under exceptional circumstances, the secular law has lent its aid to the enforcing of other claims of the Church against property. But its enforcement of the payment of tithes has been constant.
Quote ID: 5794
Time Periods: 7
Growth of Church Institutions, The
The Rev. Edwin Hatch, M. A., D.D., (Reader In Ecclesiastical History In The University Of Oxford Sec
Book ID: 230 Page: 108
Section: 3A2B
Hence throughout the Middle Ages and to the present day tithes have been a legal charge upon property, and not the least of the bonds which in most Christian countries have bound the Church to the State.
Quote ID: 5795
Time Periods: 7
Growth of Church Institutions, The
The Rev. Edwin Hatch, M. A., D.D., (Reader In Ecclesiastical History In The University Of Oxford Sec
Book ID: 230 Page: 109
Section: 3A2B
The earliest Eastern rule which specially mentions tithes is in the seventh book of the Apostolical Constitutions (c. 30), which expands a passage of the Teaching of the Twelve Apostles. It is as follows: “All firstfruits of the produce of the winepress and threshing-floor, of oxen and sheep, thou shalt give to the priests; all tithes thou shalt give to the orphan and the widow, to the poor and the stranger.”
Quote ID: 5796
Time Periods: 23
Growth of Church Institutions, The
The Rev. Edwin Hatch, M. A., D.D., (Reader In Ecclesiastical History In The University Of Oxford Sec
Book ID: 230 Page: 112
Section: 3A2B
The earliest civil enactment on the subject is probably a law which Charlemagne made for Bavaria in 799,{1} which expressly quotes, and re-enacts in regard to tithes, the regulation of Pope Gelasius which has been given above.
Quote ID: 5798
Time Periods: 7
Growth of Church Institutions, The
The Rev. Edwin Hatch, M. A., D.D., (Reader In Ecclesiastical History In The University Of Oxford Sec
Book ID: 230 Page: 114
Section: 3A2B
These regulations, which are contemporary with, and sometimes immediately added to, the original statements of the obligation of tithes, show beyond question that tithes were destined not only for the clergy, but also for the poor.
Quote ID: 5799
Time Periods: 7
History of the Inquisition, The
Philip Van Limborch
Book ID: 292 Page: 15
Section: 3A2A,3A2B
“This Confiscation of Effects, Lewis a Paramo derives from the Example of God, who, not contended with the Sentence of Death pronounced against our first Parents, drove Man from the Place of his Delights, stript of all his Goods, wounded in Naturals, and spoil’d of those Gifts that had been freely granted him,….
This Example, he saith, the most holy Tribunal of the Inquisition follows, confiscating by just proscription the Goods of Hereticks, and depriving them of all their Effects and Fortunes.
Quote ID: 7398
Time Periods: 7
History of the Inquisition, The
Philip Van Limborch
Book ID: 292 Page: 15/16
Section: 3A2B
For ---- it is, that because the Goods of Hereticks are ipso jure confiscate, they become forfeited from the very Day of their Crime, so that all Donations by Hereticks, altho’ secretly made, are null and void. Even Portions given to Daughters, to support the Burthens of Matrimony, tho’ it be the duty of a Father to portion them out, or given to such as have taken on them the holy Vow of Monastick Life, are to be revoked and confiscate.
Quote ID: 7399
Time Periods: 7
History of the Inquisition, The
Philip Van Limborch
Book ID: 292 Page: 16
Section: 3A2B
If any one gives a Legacy upon account of Death, and falls into Heresy, and his Goods become confiscate, the Legacy shall be recovered as void, and belongs to the Treasury equally with all the other Goods of the Heretick. If a husband bequeaths any Thing to his Wife, and his Memory be condemned for Heresy after his Death, such Donation shall be revoked,….
Quote ID: 7400
Time Periods: 7
History of the Inquisition, The
Philip Van Limborch
Book ID: 292 Page: 16
Section: 3A2B
A Person however must be declared an Heretick by the Judge, before his Goods are actually confiscate.….
So that the Hereticks do, ipso jure, lose all Property in their Estates, yet they can’t be confiscated till after the declaratory Sentence is pronounced.
Quote ID: 7401
Time Periods: 7
History of the Inquisition, The
Philip Van Limborch
Book ID: 292 Page: 17
Section: 3A2B
The Treasury of the Inquisition devours all.
Quote ID: 7402
Time Periods: 7
History of the Inquisition, The
Philip Van Limborch
Book ID: 292 Page: 20
Section: 3A2B
The next Punishment that follows this Confiscation of Goods, is the disinheriting the Children, insomuch that tho’ they are Catholicks, they can never inherit the Estates of their Fathers who died in Heresy.
Quote ID: 7403
Time Periods: 7
History of the Inquisition, The
Philip Van Limborch
Book ID: 292 Page: 20
Section: 3A2B
But if a Son accuses his heretical Father, as his Reward, he is freed from the Penalties ordained against the Children of Hereticks, according to the Law of the Emperor Frederick.
Quote ID: 7404
Time Periods: 7
History of the Inquisition, The
Philip Van Limborch
Book ID: 292 Page: 21
Section: 3A2A,3A2B
Subjects, when the Prince or Magistrate is an Heretick, are freed from their Obedience. Thus it hath often happened, that Kings pronounced Hereticks by the Pope, have, with all their Posterity, been deprived of all their Dignities, Jurisdictions and Rights, their Subjects absolved from their Oaths of Allegiance and Fidelity, and their Dominions given as Prey to others.
Quote ID: 7405
Time Periods: 7
History of the Inquisition, The
Philip Van Limborch
Book ID: 292 Page: 21
Section: 3A2B
The very Children, Brothers and Sisters of Hereticks, ought to forsake them. Yea, the very Band of Matrimony with such is dissolved. For if any one departs from the Orthodox Faith, and fall into Heresy, His Wife is not obliged to cohabit with him, but may seek to be separated from him by the Judgment of the Church, such Separation of the Bed being as reasonable upon account of spiritual Fornication, as for carnal.
Quote ID: 7406
Time Periods: 7
History of the Inquisition, The
Philip Van Limborch
Book ID: 292 Page: 22
Section: 3A2A,3A2B
This then is one Part of the Punishment of Hereticks, and what tends to render them more odious, that Faith is not to be kept with them. For if it is not to be kept with Tyrants, Pirates, and other publick Robbers, because they kill the Body, much less is it to be kept with obstinate Hereticks, who destroy the Soul. And therefore certain Hereticks were most justly burnt by the grave Decree of the Council of Constance, tho’ they had the Promise of Security.
Quote ID: 7407
Time Periods: 7
How the Irish Saved Civilization
Thomas Cahill
Book ID: 111 Page: 65
Section: 3A2A,3A2B
Augustine, the last great man of Roman antiquity, is going over the edge. The doctrine he has enunciated will echo down the ages in the cruelest infamies, executed with the highest justification. Augustine, father of many firsts, is also father of the Inquisition.
Quote ID: 2662
Time Periods: 45
How the Irish Saved Civilization
Thomas Cahill
Book ID: 111 Page: 67
Section: 3A2A,3A2B
Augustine, for all his greatness, has become in old age the type of evil cleric, full of mercy for those who fear him, full of seething contempt for those who dare to oppose him, scheming to make common cause with Babylon and whatever state-sponsored cruelty will, in the name of Order, suppress his opposition. There is not a country in the world today that does not still possess a few examples of the type.
Quote ID: 2665
Time Periods: 5
Julian’s Against the Galileans
R. Joseph Hoffmann
Book ID: 123 Page: 87/88
Section: 3A2B
An edict of Justinian in 559 envisages a more comprehensive destruction of anti-Christian books, but here again only Porphyry is named.. . . .
We would doubtless have a fuller vision of Julian’s view of Christianity if certain letters had not been suppressed by their owners, as being too dangerous for circulation in the religious environment of the fifth century.
Quote ID: 2837
Time Periods: 6
Julian’s Against the Galileans
R. Joseph Hoffmann
Book ID: 123 Page: 166
Section: 3A2B
…culminating in such ruses as the eighth-century forgery known as the Donation of Constantine, which alleged a perpetual grant of sovereignty to the bishop of Rome over all the churches of the East as well as those of the west.
Quote ID: 2854
Time Periods: 7
Last Pagans of Rome, The
Alan Cameron
Book ID: 241 Page: 173/174
Section: 3A2B,4B
We have the outline of a conversion for one minor member of the nobility, a certain Firmicus Maternus, vir clarissimus, inferred from his two surviving works: the Mathesis, an astrological work undoubtedly written by a pagan, and De errore profanarum religionum, the most intemperate surviving work of Christian polemic. What we do not have, unfortunately, is a narrative, any account of how and why Maternus turned from paganism to such an aggressive form of Christianity. {2}. . . .
If we had only his Mathesis, he would have been confidently classified as a pagan. The ferocious polemic of the De errore might seem to imply a powerful conversion experience between the two works that produced an evangelical fervor.{3} But there is another possibility, persuasively argued by Caseau.{4} Given the suspicion inevitably aroused by opportune conversions among ambitious members of the elite, such converts were under some pressure to prove their conversions genuine. Take Arnobius’s Adversus Nationes. Though often described as Christian apologetic, according to Jerome Arnobius wrote the book to convince a bishop, skeptical because in his pagan days he had attacked Christianity, that he was a genuine convert. {5}
. . . .
We should bear in mind that his Mathesis (337) opens with a flattering dedication to a prominent pagan, Lollianus Mavortius, whose distinguished career Firmicus obsequiously traces from office to office, apostrophizing him no fewer than thirty times in the course of his book, just as he repeatedly apostrophizes Constantius and Constans in De errore.{9} While no doubt delighted to observe the conversion of a former pagan man of letters and protégé of pagan aristocrats, skeptical Christians might need to be convinced that he really had rejected his pagan past.
Quote ID: 6064
Time Periods: 4
Last Pagans of Rome, The
Alan Cameron
Book ID: 241 Page: 224
Section: 3A2B,3C
Compare the rather similar passage where Ammianus describes the city prefecture of the elder Symmachus, “a man of the most exemplary learning and discretion” and a pillar of the pagan establishment:Through his efforts [Rome]…can boast of a splendid and solid bridge which he restored and dedicated, to the great joy of the citizens, who nevertheless some years later demonstrated their ingratitude in the plainest way. They set fire to his beautiful house across the Tiber, enraged by a story, invented without a shred of evidence by some worthless ruffian, that Symmachus had said he would rather use his wine to quench lime-kilns than sell it at the reduced price that the people were hoping for. (27.3.4)
Quote ID: 6088
Time Periods: ?
Late Antiquity: A Guide to the Postclassical World
Ed. G.W. Bowerrsock, Peter Brown, Oleg Grabar
Book ID: 126 Page: 82
Section: 3A2B
In 391, Bishop Theophilus of Alexandria, supported by the imperial authorities, had attacked and destroyed the great temple of Sarapis in the Egyptian metropolis.…
We also read that at this time Christians went around chipping off the reliefs of Sarapis that adorned lintels and other parts of private houses throughout the city, and painting crosses in their place.
Quote ID: 2878
Time Periods: 4
Lollard Bible and Other Medieval Biblical Versions, The
Margaret Deanesly
Book ID: 247 Page: 34
Section: 3A2B
Thirteenth century inquisitors certainly burnt or confiscated biblical translations wherever they found them.
Quote ID: 6213
Time Periods: 7
Lollard Bible and Other Medieval Biblical Versions, The
Margaret Deanesly
Book ID: 247 Page: 41
Section: 3A2B
. . . . the register shews that the reading of biblical translations was regarded as very serious evidence of heresy.Pastor John’s note: the inquisitor’s register
Quote ID: 6216
Time Periods: 7
Lollard Bible and Other Medieval Biblical Versions, The
Margaret Deanesly
Book ID: 247 Page: 51
Section: 3A2B
Alphonso a Castro, the friar Minor who was confessor to Charles V, addressed the council of Trent on the subject of vernacular scriptures, and he published a work against heresy in 1539. In the latter he states that:The third parent and origin of heresy is the translation of the sacred books into the vernacular, when it often happens that they are read by mankind without distinction of persons.
Quote ID: 6217
Time Periods: 7
Lollard Bible and Other Medieval Biblical Versions, The
Margaret Deanesly
Book ID: 247 Page: 61
Section: 3A2B
An anonymous inquisitor of Passau wrote a tract on heresy about 1260.. . . .
He explains the six causes of heresy; the third is that they have translated the New and Old Testament into the vulgar tongue, and this they teach and learn:
For I have heard and seen a certain unlettered countryman who used to recite Job word for word, and many others who knew the whole New Testament perfectly.
The second is the heretic’s diligence in teaching and learning those biblical translations:
All, men and women, cease not to teach and learn, night and day. The workman, who toils by day, learns or teaches at night . . . .
The fifth cause is their insufficient doctrine: for they hold as fables whatever a doctor of the Church teaches which cannot be proved by the text of the New Testament.
Quote ID: 6218
Time Periods: 7
Lollard Bible and Other Medieval Biblical Versions, The
Margaret Deanesly
Book ID: 247 Page: 69
Section: 3A2A,3A2B
While Peter Waldo was getting the gospels translated for himself at Lyons, Lambert le Begue (the Stammerer) was preaching in the Netherlands. Gilles d’Orval, a religious of Liege, the town where Lambert himself preached, wrote in 1251 a chronicle of the city; he says that Lambert, the founder of the Beghards, “although he was but little instructed in the study of letters,” was a celebrated preacher at Liege, c. 1167-91: he incurred, however, the displeasure of the bishop, and when he was imprisoned in the castle of Rivogne in consequence, “and had been kept some little time in captivity, he translated the Acts of the Apostles into French”. Another chronicler states “he was a fervent preacher of the new devotion which filled Liege and the neighboring regions”. . . . it is certain that the name Lollard was copied from that applied to the Beghards, or followers of Lambert, early in the fourteenth century. Beghard, or the Latin, Beguinus, was derived from Lambert’s own surname: Lollard, from a Flemish word meaning to “mumble” or “mutter”.
Quote ID: 6220
Time Periods: 7
Lollard Bible and Other Medieval Biblical Versions, The
Margaret Deanesly
Book ID: 247 Page: 84
Section: 3A2A,3A2B
Wherefore we strictly enjoin and command all the venerable archbishops, bishops . . . and all clerics secular and regular . . . and all dukes, princes, marquesses etc . . . and each and every man, on their obedience to the Holy Roman Empire . . . that ye assist the said inquisitors and their deputies to demand and confiscate such books, treatises, sermons, pamphlets, leaves, bound books, etc., written in the vulgar tongue, from all men, whatever their rank;. . .
For the effectual prevention of books of this kind . . . And ye shall lend your counsel and effectual help that the aforesaid books should be presented to the inquisitors to be burned.
Quote ID: 6223
Time Periods: 7
Lost Christianities: The Battles for Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew
Bart D. Ehrman
Book ID: 420 Page: 140/141
Section: 2C,3A2B
His opponents, including the young and already feisty John Milton, argued that the letters of Ignatius were forgeries of later times, fabricated, in part, precisely in order to justify the later creation of the office. Among all the participants in this debate, it was Ussher himself who cut through the Gordion knot by showing that of the thirteen widely circulated letters of Ignatius, six were forgeries and the rest had undergone illicit expansion by the author of the forgeries. But there were authentic Ignatian letters as well, and we still have them, preserved in their shorter, more original form in several surviving manuscripts.This Judgment, with some slight modification, is still the consensus among scholars who work in the field today.{5} We have seven of Ignatius’s letters. And even stripping away the fabricated expansions, these give a clear picture of one proto-orthodox author’s view of church structure.
Quote ID: 8601
Time Periods: 257
Mithras: Roman Cult of Mithras: The God and His Mysteries, The
Manfred Clauss
Book ID: 389 Page: 170
Section: 2A1,3A2B
Under the successors of the Emperor Julian (361-3), there began a sharp and bloody persecution of all pagan cults, which also brought about the extermination of Mithraism. Around 400, Jerome, the translator of the so-called Vulgate version of the Bible, wrote a letter to a Christian woman named Laeta in which he praises the praefectus Urbi of the year 376/7:"Did not your kinsman Gracchus, whose name recalls his patrician rank, destroy a cave of Mithras a few years ago when he was prefect of Rome? Did he not break up and burn all the monstrous images there?...Did he not send them before him as hostages, and gain for himself baptism in Christ?"
Quote ID: 8353
Time Periods: 45
Power and Persuasion in Late Antiquity: Towards a Christian Empire
Peter Brown
Book ID: 183 Page: 107
Section: 3A2B
The monks took advantage of Cynegius’ mission to fall on temples all over Syria, the Euphrates frontier, the Phoenicia.{195} These wild men could be convincingly presented by the notables of Antioch as lower-class fomenters of violence. As Libanius wrote at the time: “This black-robed tribe, who eat more than elephants . . . sweep across the countryside like a river in spate . . . and, by ravaging the temples, they ravage the estates.”{196}
Quote ID: 4065
Time Periods: 4
Procopius, The Secret History, LCL 290: Procopius 6
Translated by H. B. Dewing
Book ID: 467 Page: 137/139
Section: 3A2A,3A2B
Now all the residents of my own Caesarea{3} and all of the other cities, regarding it as a foolish thing to undergo any suffering in defence of a senseless dogma, adopted the name of Christians in place of that which they then bore and by this pretence succeeded in shaking off the danger arising from the law. And all those of their number who were persons of any prudence and reasonableness shewed no reluctance about adhering loyally to this faith, but the majority….
Quote ID: 9028
Time Periods: 46
Rome in the Dark Ages
Peter Llewellyn
Book ID: 191 Page: 41
Section: 3A2B,3A4A
On 22nd November 498 both men were consecrated pope. A virulent pamphlet warfare broke out and clashes in the street followed. The supporters of Symmachus [PJ: not the earlier Symacchus] sought to prove with pamphlets purporting to describe incidents in the papacy’s history, none true, that the senate had always shown itself obdurate in the face of the Church’s interests; that senatorial charges of avarice against Symmachus were dispelled by his generosity; and that the pope was above judgment even by a synod of bishops, for ’the disciple is not above his master’; and that any bishop, of however historic a see other than that of Rome, of course, was subject to trial and sentence by Rome‘s bishop.
Quote ID: 4245
Time Periods: 5
Rome in the Dark Ages
Peter Llewellyn
Book ID: 191 Page: 254
Section: 3A2A,3A2B
Two prominent Romans Theodore and his son-in-law Leo, protested the rapacious land-grabbing claims of the papacy. They were arrested for lese-majeste and were either summarily executed or murdered by papal servants.
Quote ID: 4397
Time Periods: 7
Socrates, NPNF2 Vol. 2, Socrates and Sozomenus: Ecclesiastical Histories
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 685 Page: 14
Section: 3A2A,3A2B,3C2
Victor Constantine Maximus Augustus, to the bishops and people.—Since Arius has imitated wicked and impious persons, it is just that he should undergo the like ignominy. Wherefore as Porphyry, that enemy of piety, for having composed licentious treatises against religion, found a suitable recompense, and such as thenceforth branded him with infamy, overwhelming him with deserved reproach, his impious writings also having been destroyed; so now it seems fit both that Arius and such as hold his sentiments should be denominated Porphyrians, that they may take their appellation from those whose conduct they have imitated. And in addition to this, if any treatise composed by Arius should be discovered, let it be consigned to the flames, in order that not only his depraved doctrine may be suppressed, but also that no memorial of him may be by any means left. This therefore I decree, that if any one shall be detected in concealing a book compiled by Arius, and shall not instantly bring it forward and burn it, the penalty for this offense shall be death; for immediately after conviction the criminal shall suffer capital punishment. May God preserve you!*PJ footnote reference: Socrates, Church History, 1.9.*
Quote ID: 9766
Time Periods: 4
The Complete Palladas
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 19
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-528
About the House of Marina
Because they’re Christian now, Olympians{19}
May live here unmolested where they won’t
Be melted in the fire to make small coins.
Quote ID: 8772
Time Periods: 45
The Complete Palladas
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 19
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-528
About the House of Marina
Because they’re Christian now, Olympians{19}
May live here unmolested where they won’t
Be melted in the fire to make small coins.
Quote ID: 9768
Time Periods: 45
The Complete Palladas
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 19
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-528
About the House of Marina
Because they’re Christian now, Olympians{19}
May live here unmolested where they won’t
Be melted in the fire to make small coins.
Quote ID: 9774
Time Periods: 45
The Complete Palladas
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 19
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-528
About the House of Marina
Because they’re Christian now, Olympians{19}
May live here unmolested where they won’t
Be melted in the fire to make small coins.
Quote ID: 9789
Time Periods: 45
The Complete Palladas
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 19
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-528
About the House of Marina
Because they’re Christian now, Olympians{19}
May live here unmolested where they won’t
Be melted in the fire to make small coins.
Quote ID: 9874
Time Periods: 45
The Complete Palladas
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 20
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-773
The clever smith forged Love{20} into a cooking pan
Since both such things can badly burn a man.
Quote ID: 8773
Time Periods: 45
The Complete Palladas
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 20
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-773
The clever smith forged Love{20} into a cooking pan
Since both such things can badly burn a man.
Quote ID: 9769
Time Periods: 45
The Complete Palladas
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 20
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-773
The clever smith forged Love{20} into a cooking pan
Since both such things can badly burn a man.
Quote ID: 9775
Time Periods: 45
The Complete Palladas
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 20
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-773
The clever smith forged Love{20} into a cooking pan
Since both such things can badly burn a man.
Quote ID: 9790
Time Periods: 45
The Complete Palladas
Palladas. Translated by Harold A. Lloyd
Book ID: 433 Page: 20
Section: 4B,3A2B
9-773
The clever smith forged Love{20} into a cooking pan
Since both such things can badly burn a man.
Quote ID: 9875
Time Periods: 45
Theodosius: The Empire at Bay
Stephen Williams, Gerard Friell
Book ID: 282 Page: 58
Section: 3A2B
In the West, anti-pagan zeal was forcefully represented by Ambrose who, as bishop of the imperial capital, had dominated the religious beliefs of Gratian, and after him, of Valentinian II. Ambrose’s bold project was to attack paganism at its heart, in the elemental traditions and symbols of the Roman state. He intended to disestablish and if possible destroy the state cults, after a thousand years of veneration, and in the pious young emperor he had a pliable instrument.
Quote ID: 7118
Time Periods: 4
Turning towards the Lord; Orientation in Liturgical Prayer
Uwe Michael Lang
Book ID: 463 Page: 77
Section: 3A2B
As a result of the Constantinian settlement bishops enjoyed the same rank as high state officials and were invested with the same signs of honour.
Quote ID: 9018
Time Periods: 4
Witch Hunts in the Western World
Brian A. Pavlac
Book ID: 287 Page: 67/68
Section: 3A2B
The hunts in the prince-bishopric of Bamberg can serve as a detailed example of this wave by ecclesiastical territorial rulers. Already in 1507 a legal reform call the Bambergensis had ranked crimes of religion as the most heinous.. . . .
John Godfrey’s successor, John George II Fuchs von Dorrnheim (r. 1623-1632) gained the nickname Hexenbischof (“Witches-Bishop”). The centerpiece of his reign was a thorough hunt for witches. His principality’s law allowed the confiscation of witches’ property. This encouraged the bishop to strike at the upper classes, who possessed most of the wealth.
. . . .
Those brought in for investigation could suffer torture only with the personal consent of the bishop, but that permission he usually gave freely.
. . . .
John George’s assistant bishop, Frederick Forner, wholeheartedly supported his superior. Forner wrote a manual for experts and gave more than thirty sermons to instruct the common people about the danger of witches and how to protect themselves. Regular participation in the sacraments was essential, of course. Sacramentals, such as holy water, sacred bells, or consecrated oils, were useful too. Calling on the help of a guardian angel, making the sign of the cross, venerating relics, praying to saints, calling on the Blessed Virgin Mary, and fasting were recommended. Amulets containing snippets of scripture likewise offered aid to the worried.
Quote ID: 7337
Time Periods: 7
End of quotes