Section: 2A1 - Baptism.
Number of quotes: 120
A Concise View of the Chief Principles of the Christian Religion, As Professed by the People Called Quakers (1840)
Robert Barclay and Anthony Benezet
Book ID: 571 Page: 8
Section: 2A1
The Twelfth PropositionConcerning Baptism
As there is “One Lord and One Faith so there is One Baptism; which is not the putting away the filth of the flesh, but the answer of a good conscience before God, by the resurrection of Jesus Christ. (Eph. iv. 5, 1 Peter iii. 21. Rom. vi. 4, Gal. iii. 27, Col. ii. 12, John iii. 30.) And this Baptism is a pure and spiritual thing, to wit, the Baptism of the Spirit and Fire, by which we are buried with him, that being washed and purged from our sins, we may “walk in newness of life,” (1 Cor. i. 17.) of which the baptism of John was a figure, which was commanded for a time, and not to continue for ever.
Quote ID: 9281
Time Periods: 7
A.D. 381 Heretics, Pagans, and the Dawn of the Monotheistic State
Charles Freeman
Book ID: 11 Page: 40
Section: 2A1,2D3B
Most Christian communities had an initiation ceremony, baptism, which was referred to as ‘putting on Christ’, ‘an enlightenment’ or ‘a rebirth’. This gave access to the Eucharist, a shared meal in memory of Christ.
Quote ID: 178
Time Periods: 234
Acts of Paul and Thecla, ANF Vol. 8, The Twelve Patriarchs, Excerpts and Epistles
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 660 Page: 487
Section: 2A1
“And Paul having gone into the house of Onesiphorus, there was great joy, and bending of knees, and breaking of bread, and the word of God about self-control and the resurrection; Paul saying: Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God: blessed are they that have kept the flesh chaste, for they shall become a temple of God. Blessed are they that control themselves, for God shall speak with them: blessed are they that have kept aloof from this world, for they shall be called upright. Blessed are they that have wives as not having them, for they shall receive God for their portion blessed are they that have the fear of God, for they shall become angels of God”PJ footnote reference: The Acts if Paul and Thecla, ANF, Vol.1, 487.
Quote ID: 9485
Time Periods: 23
Acts of Paul and Thecla, ANF Vol. 8, The Twelve Patriarchs, Excerpts and Epistles
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 660 Page: 490
Section: 2A1
Then they sent in many wild beasts, she standing and stretching forth her hands, and praying. And when she had finished her prayer, she turned and saw a ditch full of water, and said: Now it is time to wash myself. And she threw herself in, saying: In the name of Jesus Christ I am baptized on my last day.
II.34.
PJ footnote reference: The Acts if Paul and Thecla, ANF, Vol.1, 490.
Quote ID: 9486
Time Periods: 23
Ananias of Shirak upon Christmas
Ananias
Book ID: 537 Page: 2
Section: 2A1
Next in the quickening resurrection of Easter by mortifying our sins in the waters of the font, we become imitators of the mortification by death of our Lord Jesus Christ; and by the triple immersion, being buried in the waters of the holy font, we symbolize in ourselves baptized the three-days’ burial of our Lord.
Quote ID: 9247
Time Periods: 6
Ante-Pacem Archaeological Evidence of Church Life Before Constantine
Graydon F. Snyder
Book ID: 25 Page: 60
Section: 2A1,2E1
Like the Orante and criophorus, the sign of the cross has been a symbol of great antiquity, present in nearly every known culture. Its meaning has eluded anthropologists, though its use in funerary art could well point to a defense against evil. On the other hand, the famous crux ansata of Egypt, depicted coming from the mouth, must refer to life or breath. The universal use of the sign of the cross makes more poignant the striking lack of crosses in early Christian art scenes, especially any specific reference to the event on Golgotha. Why was the universal cross symbol not redefined in early Christian art? The cross symbol, as an artistic reference to the passion event, cannot be found prior to the time of Constantine.
Quote ID: 450
Time Periods: 01234
Ante-Pacem Archaeological Evidence of Church Life Before Constantine
Graydon F. Snyder
Book ID: 25 Page: 205/206
Section: 2A1
In his rather exhaustive list of early Christian baptisteries, Khatchatrian lists only eight that might have been constructed prior to Constantine. Of these only the baptistery at Dura-Europos can with assurance be identified as third century.. . . .
Even though only the baptistery at Dura can be considered pre-Constantinian (see above, p. 134), it would be useful at least to consider the architectural form of some possible third-century baptisteries.
Quote ID: 459
Time Periods: 23
Apostolic Tradition Of St. Hippolytus of Rome, The
Edited by Gregory Dix and Henry Chadwick
Book ID: 274 Page: 31
Section: 2A1
Maundy ThursdayI.xx.5. And let those who are to be baptized be instructed to wash and cleanse themselves on the fifth day of the week.
Quote ID: 6926
Time Periods: 2
Apostolic Tradition Of St. Hippolytus of Rome, The
Edited by Gregory Dix and Henry Chadwick
Book ID: 274 Page: 32
Section: 2E4,2A1
Maundy ThursdayI.xx.5. And let those who are to be baptized be instructed to wash and cleanse themselves on the fifth day of the week.
Quote ID: 6927
Time Periods: 2
Apostolic Tradition Of St. Hippolytus of Rome, The
Edited by Gregory Dix and Henry Chadwick
Book ID: 274 Page: 33
Section: 2A1
I.xxi.1. And at the hour when the cock crows they shall first [of all] pray over the water2. [corrupt]
3. And they shall put off their clothes.
4. And they shall baptize the little children first. And if they can answer for themselves, let them answer. But if they cannot, let their parents answer or someone from their family.
5. And next they shall baptize the grown men; and last the women, who shall [all] have loosed their hair and laid aside the gold ornaments [which they were wearing]. Let no one go down to the water having any alien object with them.
Quote ID: 6928
Time Periods: 2
Apostolic Tradition Of St. Hippolytus of Rome, The
Edited by Gregory Dix and Henry Chadwick
Book ID: 274 Page: 34
Section: 2A1
Consecration of Holy OilsII.xxi.6. And at the time determined for baptizing the bishop shall give thanks over the oil and put it into a vessel and it is called the Oil of Thanksgiving.
7. And he shall take [also] other oil and exorcise over it, and it is called Oil of Exorcism.
8. And let a deacon carry the Oil of Exorcism and stand on the left hand [of the presbyter]
Quote ID: 6929
Time Periods: 2
Apostolic Tradition Of St. Hippolytus of Rome, The
Edited by Gregory Dix and Henry Chadwick
Book ID: 274 Page: 36
Section: 2A1
Profession of Faith and BaptismII.xxi.12. And [when] he [who is to be baptised] goes down to the water, let him who baptizes lay hand on him saying thus: Dost thou believe in God the Father Almighty?
13. And he who is being baptized shall say: I believe.
14. Let him forthwith baptize him once, having his hand laid upon his head.
Quote ID: 6930
Time Periods: 2
Apostolic Tradition Of St. Hippolytus of Rome, The
Edited by Gregory Dix and Henry Chadwick
Book ID: 274 Page: 37
Section: 2A1
[PJ NOTE: xxi.15 continues here]II.xxi.15b. And rose the third day living from the dead. And ascended into the heavens. And sat down at the right hand of the Father, And will come to judge the living and the dead?
16. And when he says: I believe, let him baptize him the second time.
Quote ID: 6931
Time Periods: 2
Arizona Catholic priest resigns over wrongly-used word during baptism, Internet Article
Matt Galka and David Aaro
Book ID: 683 Page: 2
Section: 2A1
In a statement released by officials with the Roman Catholic Diocese of Phoenix, it was announced that all baptisms performed by a priest named Andres Arango until June 17, 2021 are presumed to be invalid due to the words that were used.At the center of the mix-up are the words "we" and "I." Diocesan officials say Arango should have used the following words during baptism:
I baptize you in the Name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.
Instead, diocesan officials say Arango used the following words:
We baptize you in the Name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.
Quote ID: 9763
Time Periods: 7
Augustine, NPNF1 Vol. 7, St. Augustine: Homilies on the Gospel of John; Homilies on the First Epistle of John; Sililoquies
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 657 Page: 37
Section: 2A1,2A4
/45“If the minister is righteous, I reckon him with Paul. . . . For what does Paul say? ‘I have planted, Apollos watered; but God gave the increase. Neither is he that planteth anything, nor he that watereth; but God who giveth the increase.’ But he who is a proud minister is reckoned with the devil; but the gift of Christ is not contaminated, which flows through him pure, which passes through him liquid, and comes to the fertile earth. Suppose that he is stony, that he cannot from water rear fruit; even through the stony channel the water passes, the water passes to the garden beds; in the stony channel it causes nothing to grow, but nevertheless it brings much fruit to the gardens. For the spiritual virtue of the sacrament is like the light: both by those who are to be enlightened is it received pure, and if it passes through the impure it is not stained.”
PJ book footnote reference: Augustine, On the Gospel According to St. John, Tractate V.15
Quote ID: 9444
Time Periods: ?
Augustine, NPNF1 Vol. 7, St. Augustine: Homilies on the Gospel of John; Homilies on the First Epistle of John; Sililoquies
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 657 Page: 38
Section: 2A1
…those whom Judas baptized, Christ baptized. In like manner, then, they whom a drunkard baptized, those whom a murderer baptized, those whom an adulterer baptized, if it was the baptism of Christ, were baptized by Christ.PJ book footnote reference: Augustine, Lectures or Tractates on the Gospel of John, V.18.
Quote ID: 9445
Time Periods: 45
Augustine, NPNF1 Vol. 7, St. Augustine: Homilies on the Gospel of John; Homilies on the First Epistle of John; Sililoquies
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 657 Page: 344
Section: 2A1
…in the water also it is the word that cleanseth? Take away the word, and the water is neither more nor less than water. The word is added to the element, and there results the Sacrament, as if itself also a kind of visible word.PJ book footnote reference: Augustine, Lectures or Tractates on the Gospel of John, LXXX.3
Quote ID: 9449
Time Periods: 45
Baptism: Infant Dies after Baptism Ceremony
Burlington Times News, September 22, 1996
Book ID: 294 Page: 1
Section: 2A1
WASHINGTON (AP) – A 4-month-old girl who nearly drowned earlier this month while she was being baptized at Breakaway Catholic Church died Thursday.….
Father August Griffin had immersed the baby’s head three times in a baptismal tub.
Quote ID: 7423
Time Periods: 7
Bede – Ecclesiastical History of the English People
History translated by Leo Sherley-Price; Revised by R. E. Latham; Translation of the minor works, ne
Book ID: 80 Page: 54
Section: 2A1,2E7
The soldier who had been moved by divine intuition to refuse to slay God’s confessor was beheaded at the same time as Alban. And although he had not received the purification of Baptism, there was no doubt that he was cleansed by the shedding of his own blood, and rendered fit to enter the kingdom of heaven.
Quote ID: 2160
Time Periods: 23
Caesar and Christ: The Story of Civilization
Will Durant
Book ID: 43 Page: 664
Section: 2A1,3C
As his illness increased, he called for a priest to administer to him that sacrament of baptism which he had purposely deferred to this moment, hoping to be cleansed by it from all the sins of his crowded life. Then the tired ruler, aged sixty-four, laid aside the purple robes of royalty, put on the white garb of a Christian neophyte, and passed away.
Quote ID: 954
Time Periods: 4
Christian Initiation and Baptism in the Holy Spirit: Evidence from the First Eight Centuries
Kilian McDonnell and George T. Montague
Book ID: 53 Page: 49
Section: 2A1
(Rom. 6:1-5). The imagery here is graphic and powerful, easily lending itself to a catechesis on the symbolism of immersion as death and emergence from the water as resurrection. Because there is no mention of the Spirit here, it is also easy to see that such catechesis, if limited to this text, could easily lose sight of the Holy Spirit as the essential effect of baptism-as actually happened in the later centuries of the church.
Quote ID: 1159
Time Periods: 2
Christian Initiation and Baptism in the Holy Spirit: Evidence from the First Eight Centuries
Kilian McDonnell and George T. Montague
Book ID: 53 Page: 86
Section: 2A1
1. The texts do not permit us to reconstruct with certainty a consistent rite of initiation in the church in New Testament times. The essential elements of the integral rite of initiation, however, always included water-baptism in the name of Jesus (or the later trinitarian formula) and the gift of the Holy Spirit.
Quote ID: 1160
Time Periods: 12
Christian Initiation and Baptism in the Holy Spirit: Evidence from the First Eight Centuries
Kilian McDonnell and George T. Montague
Book ID: 53 Page: 145
Section: 2A1
Those who scoured his writings, eager to find offense during the first and second Origenist controversies, never cited his teaching that baptism is the principle and source of the charisms. Neither friend nor foe took exception. The reason? Origen was expressing the common faith of the church.
Quote ID: 1176
Time Periods: 3
Christian Initiation and Baptism in the Holy Spirit: Evidence from the First Eight Centuries
Kilian McDonnell and George T. Montague
Book ID: 53 Page: 146
Section: 2A1
We know from his general teaching, for instance, that he proposed the baptism of Jesus in the Jordan as the model of Christian baptism. This would have been part of his catechetical instruction for prospective candidates for baptism. The Jordan which cleanses Naaman the Syrian is “of sovereign virtue and very good to drink. Just as no man is good save God the Father, so no river is good except the Jordan.”{6} As Naaman was cleansed in the Jordan, so we can receive baptism only in the Jordan, where Jesus was baptized, only from it can we draw those great benefits in the measure of our need.{7} Those who deposit their uncleanness in the Jordan will be purer than the foulest leper, “capable of receiving twice-over the graces (or charisms-charismaton) of the Spirit and ready to welcome the Spirit. The dove of the Spirit does not fly over any other river.”{8}
Quote ID: 1177
Time Periods: 2
Christian Initiation and Baptism in the Holy Spirit: Evidence from the First Eight Centuries
Kilian McDonnell and George T. Montague
Book ID: 53 Page: 175
Section: 2D3B,2A1
The baptism of Jesus is the prototype. To know his baptism is to learn our own birth event: “This was done so that we in our time might learn what has been fully realized in Christ. After the water-bath, the Holy Spirit rushes upon us from the gate of heaven, that we might bathe in the anointing of the heavenly glory, and that we might become sons of God through adoption spoken by the voice of the Father.”{18} Our baptism is an icon of Jesus’. Here, as at Pentecost, the Spirit envelops.18 - Hilary of Poitiers, writing around 356 A.D..... (On Matthew, 2:6; 15:10)
Quote ID: 1190
Time Periods: 2
Christian Initiation and Baptism in the Holy Spirit: Evidence from the First Eight Centuries
Kilian McDonnell and George T. Montague
Book ID: 53 Page: 175
Section: 2A1
The anointing by the Spirit and the voice of the Father declares Jesus to be the eternal Son. Because this was fully realized in Christ when he came up from the waters, it is realized in us, that is, after the water-bath, the Spirit rushes down upon us, and we are anointed “with the unction of heavenly glory,”{18} and by the adopting voice of the Father we are declared adopted children. The baptism of Jesus at the Jordan constitutes the mystery of Christian baptism. Jesus is baptized in the Spirit; we are baptized in the Spirit.
Quote ID: 1191
Time Periods: 2
Christian Initiation and Baptism in the Holy Spirit: Evidence from the First Eight Centuries
Kilian McDonnell and George T. Montague
Book ID: 53 Page: 324
Section: 2A1
Philoxenus [PJ NOTE: Philoxenos of Mabbug. died 535] believes that in the apostolic era the prophetic charisms manifested themselves in all the believers at their initiation. This constitutes the apostolic model. He notes the discrepancy between the apostolic church and the church he knows. The difference is a matter of regret, but he is not going to bring God to court for swindling.“Now again, the Holy Spirit is given by baptism to those who are baptized and they really receive it (the Spirit), like the first believers. However in none of them, does it (the Spirit) manifest its (the Spirit’s) work visibly. Even though it (the Spirit) is in them, it (the Spirit) remains hidden there. Unless one leaves the world to enter into the way of the rules of the spiritual life, observing all the commandments Jesus has given, walking with wisdom and perseverance in the narrow way of the Gospel, the work of the Spirit received in baptism does not reveal itself.”{6}
Quote ID: 1197
Time Periods: 156
Christian Initiation and Baptism in the Holy Spirit: Evidence from the First Eight Centuries
Kilian McDonnell and George T. Montague
Book ID: 53 Page: 325
Section: 2A1
“The difference between what happened among the first believers, and that which happens now in us, is total. … “{7}….
A vast difference exists between the Christians of the apostolic age and Philoxenus’ time. In the apostolic age the charisms were given to all; in his age they are given only to ascetics.
Quote ID: 1198
Time Periods: 5
Christian Initiation and Baptism in the Holy Spirit: Evidence from the First Eight Centuries
Kilian McDonnell and George T. Montague
Book ID: 53 Page: 348
Section: 2A1,2D3B
The baptism in the Spirit is the whole rite of initiation.
Quote ID: 1199
Time Periods: 2
Christian Initiation and Baptism in the Holy Spirit: Evidence from the First Eight Centuries
Kilian McDonnell and George T. Montague
Book ID: 53 Page: 348/349
Section: 2A1
In more specific terms what does “integral” mean in this context? Some technical, philosophical terms are in order. If a baby girl is born without a right arm, her essential humanity is intact. That is, what constitutes human nature is all there. No one would refuse to call this baby a human being. But there is something missing, her right arm, not a minor appendage. In technical terms we say that the right arm is a property of her humanity. A property does not belong to the essence but flows from that essence. The right arm does not belong to the essence of humanity (otherwise the baby would cease to be a human being), but it flows from that essence and belongs to the wholeness of being human.Baptism in the Spirit, as the awakening of the full life of the Spirit with the charisms (including the prophetic), does not belong to the essence of Christian initiation. Otherwise there would have been few authentic (valid) baptisms since the early centuries. The essence of Christian initiation has remained intact. Every authentic initiation confers the Holy Spirit. But Christian initiation has been missing a property, which flows from its essence, namely, what today is call the baptism in the Holy Spirit, the full flowering of the sacramental grace. Like the missing right arm, the baptism in the Holy Spirit is not a minor appendage. It belongs to the wholeness of Christian initiation.
Quote ID: 1200
Time Periods: 127
Christian Initiation and Baptism in the Holy Spirit: Evidence from the First Eight Centuries
Kilian McDonnell and George T. Montague
Book ID: 53 Page: 351
Section: 2A1
It is the gift of the Spirit which is the diagnostic mark of being a Christian, for one cannot belong to Christ without the Spirit of Christ (Rom. 8:9; Acts 19:1-7). And this Spirit is normally received at the moment of baptism (1Cor. 12:13), which John describes as a new birth of water and Spirit (John 3:5). In Paul, too, baptism involves essentially the gift of the Spirit (1Cor. 12:13), but the sacrament is also modeled on the death and resurrection of Jesus (Rom. 6:25), a model that in the later church became the dominant one.
Quote ID: 1201
Time Periods: 127
Christian Initiation and Baptism in the Holy Spirit: Evidence from the First Eight Centuries
Kilian McDonnell and George T. Montague
Book ID: 53 Page: 351
Section: 2A1
How the church historically ritualized the imparting of the Spirit in the celebration of Christian initiation varied even when the primary paradigm is unmistakably the paschal mystery. In Hilary and Cyril it is in the post-baptismal anointing; in Chrysostom it is the water-bath with the laying on of the hand of the bishop.{1} These are ritual variables, the imparting of the Spirit is the constant.
Quote ID: 1202
Time Periods: 24
Christian Initiation and Baptism in the Holy Spirit: Evidence from the First Eight Centuries
Kilian McDonnell and George T. Montague
Book ID: 53 Page: 382
Section: 2A1
By accepting the baptism in the Holy Spirit, one does not thereby join a movement. The baptism in the Holy Spirit is captive to no camp, whether liberal or conservative. Nor is it identified with any one movement or with one style of prayer, worship, or community. On the contrary, we believe that baptism in the Holy Spirit belongs to the Christian inheritance of all those sacramentally initiated into the Church.
Quote ID: 1204
Time Periods: 24
Christian Inscriptions
H.P.V. Nunn
Book ID: 299 Page: 19
Section: 2A1
Florentius erected this monument to his well-deserving son Appronianus, who lived one year nine months and five days. Since he was dearly loved by his grandmother, and she saw that he was going to die, she asked of the Church that he should depart from the world a believer.Pastor John’s note: 3rd-4th century
Quote ID: 7526
Time Periods: 34
Christian Liturgy: Catholic and Evangelical
Frank C. Senn
Book ID: 54 Page: 4
Section: 2A5,2A1,2A2
As the whole of human life and endeavors is a system of rituals, so is the life and mission of the Christian community a system of rituals.. . . .
The rites of washing (baptism) and eating and drinking together (eucharistic meal) that Jesus instituted and commanded to be done had a prehistory in Judaism and corollary rites in other religions.
Quote ID: 1205
Time Periods: 12
Christian Liturgy: Catholic and Evangelical
Frank C. Senn
Book ID: 54 Page: 10
Section: 2A1
Mosaics on early Christian baptistery walls suggest that the candidates were baptized naked, which was also the case with the Jewish rite.
Quote ID: 1207
Time Periods: 2
Christian Liturgy: Catholic and Evangelical
Frank C. Senn
Book ID: 54 Page: 194
Section: 2A1,2D
There were two sources for the theology of confirmation. First is in the letter of Pope Innocent I to Bishop Decentius of Gubbio (c. 416), to which we have already referred. On the post-baptismal ceremonies Innocent asserts: “it belongs solely to the episcopal office that bishops consign and give the Paraclete Spirit.” He cites the example of the apostles in Acts 8 going to Samaria to confirm the work done there by Philip the deacon by laying their hands on the newly baptized and giving them the Holy Spirit.. . . .
It should be noted that Jerome, who had served as secretary to Pope Damasus until the latter’s death in 384, and who knew Innocent and was supported by this pope in his monastic endeavors in Palestine after 401, lampooned the notion that “from the bishop alone proceeds the calling down of the Holy Spirit” on the baptismal candidates.
Quote ID: 1223
Time Periods: 5
Chrysostom, NPNF1 Vol. 14, Saint Chrysostom: Homilies on the Gospel of St. John and the Epistle to the Hebrews
Book ID: 664 Page: 90
Section: 2A1
“…what the womb is to the embryo, the water is to the believer; for in the water he is fashioned and formed.”PJ footnote reference: Chrysostom, Homilies on St. John, Homily 26.
Quote ID: 9492
Time Periods: 45
Church, State, and Citizen: Christian Approaches to Political Engagement
Edited by Sandra F. Joireman
Book ID: 60 Page: 29
Section: 2A1
This is transferred and newThe Catholic Church counts all who are baptized as Catholics as members for their entire lives unless they are excommunicated.
Quote ID: 1517
Time Periods: 7
Complete Sermons of Martin Luther Volume 1.1-2, The
Edited by John Nicholas Lenker
Book ID: 336 Page: 227
Section: 2A1,2A2
THE LORD’S SUPPER.For before God it is enough that we believe in the Gospel, but now he wants us to remain upon the earth to serve the people and to confess before the world the faith we have in our hearts by means of certain tokens, that is, by means of baptism and the Lord’s Supper.
Quote ID: 7846
Time Periods: 7
Complete Sermons of Martin Luther Volume 4.1-2, The
Edited by John Nicholas Lenker
Book ID: 337 Page: 243/244
Section: 2A1
SUNDAY AFTER EASTER25. Secondly, that this cleansing of sin may be effected in us through baptism, something more than mere water must be present. Mere water could effect no more than do ordinary washings, and no more than Jewish and Turkish baptisms and washings effect. There must be a power and force accompanying the water effective to work inward purification, the purification of the soul.
….
Thus, the blood of Christ is so effectively mingled with the baptismal water that we must not regard it as mere water, but water beautifully dyed with the precious crimson blood of our dear Saviour, Christ. Baptism, then, cannot rightly be regarded a physical cleansing, like the Mosaic ablutions, or like the cleansing the bathhouse affords; it is a healing baptism, a baptism or washing with blood, instituted by none but Christ, the Son of God, and that through his own death.
Quote ID: 7850
Time Periods: 7
Complete Sermons of Martin Luther Volume 5, The
Edited by Eugene F. A. Klug
Book ID: 338 Page: 221/222
Section: 2A1
EPIPHANYThat is shown by the words which Christ spoke when he commanded baptism, “baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.” Without these words it is poor water, but when these words, “in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit,” are connected with the water, it is not impotent water, but baptism.
….
One cannot, therefore, say that it is powerless water in view of the fact that the entire Godhead is present. By the same token, it must not be looked upon as a human work since, although it is done by a human being, it nonetheless is not done in his name but in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. They are present and give their full support, otherwise baptism would be a long time accomplishing what it does.
….
When a person adds sugar to water then it no longer is mere water but a delectable claret, or something like that. Why then would we want to separate the word from the water here and call it poor water, as though God’s Word, yes, God himself were not in and with that water? Not so, for God the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are in and with that water, as at the Jordan where Christ stood in the water and the Holy Spirit hovered overhead, while God the Father preached withal.
25. Accordingly, baptism is water that can take a way sin, death, and all evil, and help us come to heaven and eternal life. So it has become a priceless sugar water, fragrant nectar, and medicine because God has interposed himself. God is a God of life and can make alive. Because he is in this water, it must be a true aqua vittae, “water of life,” which drives death and hell away, and makes eternally alive.
Pastor John notes: John’s note: like transubstantiation!
Quote ID: 7855
Time Periods: 7
Complete Sermons of Martin Luther Volume 7, The
Edited by Eugene F. A. Klug
Book ID: 339 Page: 65
Section: 2A1
NINETEENTH SUNDAY AFTER TRINITY25. When the pastor baptizes a child, think of it this way: God is baptizing that child. When the pastor absolves, it is God speaking, and he has declared this verdict upon me, that I should be free and forgiven of my sin.
Quote ID: 7862
Time Periods: 7
Constantine the Great
Michael Grant
Book ID: 66 Page: 211
Section: 2A1,3C
Ever since New Testament times baptism had occupied a position of great importance in the Christian community and was regarded as essential to the new birth and to membership of the Heavenly Kingdom.
Quote ID: 1782
Time Periods: 4
Constantine the Great
Michael Grant
Book ID: 66 Page: 211
Section: 2A1
The questionaire employed at baptism in c.ad 200, if not earlier, ran as follows: ’Do you believe in God the Father Almighty? Do you believe in Jesus Christ, the Son of God, who was born by the Holy Spirit from the Virgin Mary, who was crucified under Pontius Pilate and died, and rose again on the third day living from the dead, and ascended to the heavens, and sat down at the right hand of the Father, and will come to judge the living and the dead? Do you believe in the Holy Spirit in the Holy Church?PJ Note: If God is the baptizer, He does;t need to ask such questions because he knows.
Quote ID: 1783
Time Periods: 23
Constantine the Great
Michael Grant
Book ID: 66 Page: 213
Section: 2A1,3C
And so Constantine took off the purple robe of imperial power, was baptized naked (as was the custom) by Bishop Eusebius of Nicomedia, and put on the white vestment which Christian converts wore for a week after their baptism. Catholics became uncomfortable about baptism at the hands of Eusebius of Nicomedia - who was practically an Arian - and invented a story that he was instead baptized by Pope Silvester I of Rome, which is repeated on the inscription upon the Egyptian obelisk in the Piazza di San Laterano. That this is entirely fictitious is one of the certainties in the long but obscure papacy of Silvester (314 - 35).......at the time of the emperor’s baptism Silvester had already been dead for two years.
Quote ID: 1786
Time Periods: 4
Councils: Seven Ecumenical Councils, NPNF2 Vol. 14, The Seven Ecumenical Councils
Philip Schaff, Editor.
Book ID: 677 Page: 405
Section: 2A1,2D3A
But concerning the Paulianists it has been determined by the Catholic Church that they shall by all means be rebaptized. The Eunomeans also, who baptize with one immersion; and the Montanists, who here are called Phrygians; and the Sabellians, who consider the Son to be the same as the Father, and are guilty in certain other grave matters, and all the other heresies—for there are many heretics here, especially those who come from the region of the Galatians—all of their number who are desirous of coming to the Orthodox faith, we receive as Gentiles. And on the first day we make them Christians, on the second Catechu- mens, then on the third day we exorcise them, at the same time also breathing thrice upon their faces and ears; and thus we initiate them, and we make them spend time in church and hear the Scriptures; and then we baptize them.”
PJ footnote reference: Council of Trullo, Canon XCV.
Quote ID: 9719
Time Periods: 27
Cults of the Roman Empire, The
Robert Turcan
Book ID: 209 Page: 49/50/52
Section: 2A1,3B
PJ Note: re: MithraismThe huge wound spouts a flood of hot blood.....which seethes in all directions...Through the countless channels provided by the perforations a stinking torrent falls. The priest enclosed in the pit gets the full force of it, exposing his befouled head to every drop; his robe and his whole body reek. Worse is to come! He tilts his head backwards, exposing his cheeks, his ears, his lips and his nostrils, even his eyes. Without sparing his palate, he soaks his tongue in it, until his whole body is impregnated with this horrible, dark blood. (Prudentius, Hymns, X, 1028-40)
. . . .
The victim is removed, the cover taken off, and then ‘the pontiff, dreadful to see’ is extracted from the pit. He is hailed ‘with the idea that vile blood ... has purified him while he was hidden in these shameful depths’ (see fig 1).
. . . .
The participant in the taurobolium is ‘reborn’, like Attis, born to a new life (hence the word natalicium found inscribed on some taurobolic altars).
Quote ID: 5141
Time Periods: 2
Cyprian, ANF Vol. 5, Fathers of the Third Century
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 666 Page: 384
Section: 2A1
21. Can the power of baptism be greater or of more avail than confession, than suffering, when one confesses Christ before men and is baptized in his own blood?
PJ footnote: Cyprian, Epistle LXXII.21.
Quote ID: 9501
Time Periods: 3
Cyprian, ANF Vol. 5, Fathers of the Third Century
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 666 Page: 388
Section: 2A1
For it is the Church alone which, conjoined and united with Christ, spiritually bears sons….
PJ footnote: Cyprian, Epistle LXXIII.6
Quote ID: 9502
Time Periods: 3
Cyprian, ANF Vol. 5, Fathers of the Third Century
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 666 Page: 388
Section: 2A1,2D3B
But as the birth of Christians is in baptism….
PJ footnote: Cyprian, Epistle LXXIII.7.
Quote ID: 9503
Time Periods: 3
Cyprian, ANF Vol. 5, Fathers of the Third Century
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 666 Page: 388
Section: 2A1
…where and of whom and to whom is he born, who is not a son of the Church, so as that he should have God as his Father, before he has had the Church for his Mother?
PJ footnote: Cyprian, Epistle LXXIII.7.
Quote ID: 9504
Time Periods: 3
Cyril of Jerusalem, NPNF2 Vol. 7, Cyril of Jerusalem, Gregory Nazianzen
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 667 Page: 88
Section: 2A1
“For since in the Gospels the power of salutary Baptism is twofold, one which is granted by means of water to the illuminated, and a second to holy martyrs, in persecutions, through their own blood, there came out of that saving Side blood and water, to confirm the” grace of the confession made for Christ, whether in baptism, or on occasions of martyrdom.PJ footnote reference: Cyril of Jerusalem, Catechetical Lectures, Lecture XIII.21.
2E6/4
Quote ID: 9509
Time Periods: 4
Cyril of Jerusalem, NPNF2 Vol. 7, Cyril of Jerusalem, Gregory Nazianzen
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 667 Page: 147
Section: 2A1
As soon, then, as ye entered, ye put off your tunic; and this was an image of putting off the old man with his deeds. Having stripped yourselves, ye were naked; in this also imitating Christ, who was stripped naked on the Cross….PJ footnote reference: Cyril of Jerusalem, Catechetical Lectures, Lecture XX.2.
Quote ID: 9512
Time Periods: 4
Didache: Text, Translation, Analysis, and Commentary, The
Aaron Milavec
Book ID: 211 Page: 19
Section: 2A1
7:1 (And) concerning baptism, baptize thus:Having said all these things beforehand,
immerse in the name of the Father
and of the Son
and of the holy Spirit
in flowing water-
7:2 [1] if, on the other hand, you should not have flowing water,
immerse in other water [that is available];
[2] (and) if you are not able in cold,
[immerse] in warm [water];
7:3 [3] (and) if you should not have either,
pour out water onto the head three times
in the name of [the] Father
and [the] Son
and [the] holy Spirit.
7:4 (And) prior to the baptism,
[1] let the one baptizing fast;
[2] and [let the] one being baptized;
[3] and if any others have the strength,
[let them fast also].
Order, on the other hand, the one being baptized to fast
during one or two [days] prior [to the baptism].
Quote ID: 5207
Time Periods: 1
Didache: The Oldest Church Manual
Phillip Schaff
Book ID: 254 Page: 36/37
Section: 2A1
The oldest baptismal pictures in the Roman Catacombs may be traced to the close of the second century.….
But as far as they go these pictures confirm the river-Baptism prescribed by the Didache as the normal form, in imitation of the typical Baptism in the Jordan. They all represent the baptized as standing in a stream, and the baptizer on dry ground; the former is nude, the latter is more or less robed.
….
The unclothing of the candidate was a universal custom in the ancient Church and regarded as essential. Hence the baptisteries were commonly divided into two distinct apartments, the one for men, the other for women.
Quote ID: 6394
Time Periods: 12
Didache: The Oldest Church Manual
Phillip Schaff
Book ID: 254 Page: 41
Section: 2A1
River-Baptism gradually ceased when Baptisteries began to be built in the age of Constantine in or near the churches, with all the conveniences for the performance of the rite. They are very numerous, especially in Italy. They went out of use when immersion ceased in the West. The last is said to have been built at Pistoia, in Italy, A.D. 1337.
Quote ID: 6395
Time Periods: 12
Early Christian Church, The
J.G. Davies
Book ID: 214 Page: 103
Section: 2A1,2D3B
That the Gnostics should have been baptized, despite their depreciation of material things, seems initially somewhat illogical, nor did all their sects make use of it. There were some, according to Irenaeus, who ‘reject all these practices and maintain that the mystery of the unspeakable and invisible power ought not to be performed by visible and corruptible creatures’.
Quote ID: 5275
Time Periods: 2
Early Christian Church, The
J.G. Davies
Book ID: 214 Page: 200
Section: 2A1
Cyril’s exposition of the rite provides much fuller information and the meaning of the separate elements is also clearly defined. The candidates assembled in the vestibule of the baptistery and facing the West, the region of darkness, stretched out their hands and uttered the renunciation: ‘I renounce thee, Satan, and all thy works, and all thy pomp, and all thy service’. Turning from West to East, the region of light, they made a brief confession of faith: ‘I believe in the Father, and in the Son and in the Holy Spirit, and in one baptism of repentance’. Passing into the dressing-room, they disrobed, as ‘an image of putting off the old man with his deeds’, so becoming imitators of Christ who hung naked on the cross and was borne naked to the tomb. Entering the inner chamber, they were anointed with exorcized oil to chase away all the invisible powers of the evil one. They were next led to the font ‘as Christ was carried from the cross to the sepulchre’, and made a second confession, descending three times into the water and ascending again, symbolizing the three days’ burial of Christ. Unction by the bishop followed: on the forehead that they might be delivered from shame; on the ears that they might be open to hear divine mysteries; on the nostrils that they might say: ‘We are to God a sweet savour of Christ, in them that are saved’; lastly on the breast, that having put on the breast-plate of righteousness they might stand against the wiles of the devil. Dressed in white robes, signifying that they had put off the covering of sin and put on the chaste garments of innocence, and bearing each a lighted taper - ‘the torches of the bridal train’ - they went in procession, singing: ‘Blessed are those whose iniquities are forgiven, and whose sins are covered’, to join in the baptismal eucharist.
Quote ID: 5330
Time Periods: 45
Early Christian Church, The
J.G. Davies
Book ID: 214 Page: 201
Section: 2A1
The understanding of the editor of the Apostolic Constitutions is revealed by two prayers, the one for the blessing of the water, the other at the end of the rite:“Look down from heaven and sanctify this water and give it grace and power, that so he that is to be baptized, according to the command of thy Christ, may be crucified with him, and may die with him, and may be buried with him and may rise with him to the adoption which is in him, that he may be dead to sin and live to righteousness.”
Quote ID: 5331
Time Periods: 4
Early Christian Church, The
J.G. Davies
Book ID: 214 Page: 262
Section: 2A1
In speaking of the rite of baptism it is possible to make three generalizations: first, the same essential elements are to be found in all areas;The common elements can be listed as follows: (i) Removal of clothes; (ii) Unction; (iii) Renunciation; (iv) Blessing of Font; (v) Declaration of Faith; (vi) Baptism in Water; (vii) Putting on White Robes.
Quote ID: 5360
Time Periods: 4
Early Christian Church, The
J.G. Davies
Book ID: 214 Page: 263
Section: 2A1
According to Chrysostom, ‘what the womb is to the embryo, the water is to the believer, for in the water he is fashioned and formed.’
Quote ID: 5361
Time Periods: 4
Early Church, The
Henry Chadwick
Book ID: 215 Page: 32
Section: 2A1
The rite of baptism by which they were admitted to the Church was both a commemoration of the moment at the river Jordan when Jesus was filled with the Spirit for his life work, and a once for all renunciation of evil, which St Paul in a powerful metaphor described as ‘being buried with Christ’.
Quote ID: 5369
Time Periods: 247
Eunomius of Cyzicus, online source, Wikipedia
en.m.wikipedia.org
Book ID: 684 Page: 1/2
Section: 2A1
The teaching of the Anomoean school, led by Aetius and Eunomius, starting from the conception of God as Creator, argued that between the Creator and created there could be no essential, but at best only a moral, resemblance. "As the Unbegotten, God is an absolutely simple being; an act of generation would involve a contradiction of His essence by introducing duality into the Godhead ." According to Socrates of Constantinople (24) and Theodoretos Kyrou (PG 83 420), Eunomius carried his views to a practical issue by altering the baptismal formula. Instead of baptizing in the name of the Trinity by immersing the person in water thrice, he baptized in the death of Christ with only one immersion. This alteration was regarded by the orthodox as so serious that Eunomians on returning to the church were rebaptized, though the Arians were not.
Quote ID: 9764
Time Periods: 4
Eunomius of Cyzicus, online source, Wikipedia
en.m.wikipedia.org
Book ID: 684 Page: 2
Section: 2A1
After Eunomius died, Eutropius ordered that Eunomius’s body be moved to Tyana and his books be burned.{6}
Quote ID: 9765
Time Periods: 4
Europe after Rome: A New Cultural History 500-1000
Julia M. H. Smith
Book ID: 83 Page: 228
Section: 2A1,3A1
Royal baptism might also aim to tie future rulers into an alliance; during Otto III’s visit to Gniezno in 1000, he became godfather to a newborn son of the Christian Polish prince, Boleslaw Chobry (992-1025), in a ceremony rich in symbolic importance. He also strengthened the bond by giving Boleslaw both a royal crown and another replica of the Holy Lance (still to be seen in Cracow).To ask whether religious or political motivations underlay such baptisms is misplaced, for the distinction was meaningless in an age in which identities were as much social as personal and in which religious expression was more usually communal than individual.
Pastor John’s note: p. 218
Quote ID: 2187
Time Periods: ?
Eusebius, NPNF2 Vol. 1, Eusebius Pamphilius: Church History, Life of Constantine, Oration in Praise of Constantine
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 668 Page: 555
Section: 2A1,3C
His Sickness at Helenopolis, and Prayers respecting his Baptism.
At first he experienced some slight bodily indisposition, which was soon followed by positive disease. In consequence of this he visited the hot baths of his own city; and thence proceeded to that which bore the name of his mother. Here he passed some time in the church of the martyrs, and offered up supplications and prayers to God. Being at length convinced that his life was drawing to a close, he felt the time was come at which he should seek purification from sins of his past career, firmly believing that whatever errors he had committed as a mortal man, his soul would be purified from them through the efficacy of the mystical words and the salutary waters of baptism.
Pastor John’s footnote reference: Eusebius, The Life of Constantine the Great, IV.lxi.
Quote ID: 9606
Time Periods: 4
Eusebius, NPNF2 Vol. 1, Eusebius Pamphilius: Church History, Life of Constantine, Oration in Praise of Constantine
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 668 Page: 556
Section: 2A1,3C
Constantine’s Appeal to the Bishops, requesting them to confer upon him the Rite of Baptism.
“The time is arrived which I have long hoped for, with an earnest desire and prayer that I might obtain the salvation of God. The hour is come in which I too may have the blessing of that seal which confers immortality; the hour in which I may receive the seal of salvation. I had thought to do this in the waters of the river Jordan, wherein our Saviour, for our example, is recorded to have been baptized: but God, who knows what is expedient for us, is pleased that I should receive this blessing here. Be it so, then, without delay:
The Oration of the Emperor Constantine, which he addressed “To The Assembly Of The Saints.”
Pastor John’s footnote reference: Eusebius, The Life of Constantine the Great, IV.lxii.
Quote ID: 9607
Time Periods: 4
From Apostles to Bishops: The Development of the Episcopy in the Early Church
Francis A. Sullivan, S.J.
Book ID: 91 Page: 204
Section: 2A1
Let. 63.17.1 And because at every sacrifice we offer we mention the passion of our Lord (indeed, the passion of our Lord is the sacrifice we offer), then we should follow exactly what the Lord did. And Scripture confirms that as often as we offer the cup in remembrance of the Lord and His passion, we are doing what all are agreed the Lord did before us. {18}….
Let. 73.9.2 And this same practice we observe today ourselves: those who are baptized in the Church are presented to the appointed leaders of the Church, and by our prayer and the imposition of our hands they receive the Holy Spirit and are made perfect with the Lord’s seal. {19}
THIS SECOND REFERENCE IS WRONG
Quote ID: 2367
Time Periods: 3
Geoffrey of Monmouth: The History of the Kings of Brittain
Geoffrey of Monmouth
Book ID: 234 Page: 124/125
Section: 2A1
What he asked for in his pious petition was granted to him: for the Holy Father, when he heard of the devotion of Lucius, sent him two learned and religious men, Faganus and Duvianus, who preached the Incarnation of the Word of God and so converted Lucius to Christ and washed him clean in holy baptism. On all sides the peoples of the local tribes hurried to follow their King’s example. Cleansed of their sins by this same baptism, they were made members of the Kingdom of God.
Quote ID: 5847
Time Periods: 2
Heresies of the High Middle Ages
Walter L. Wakefield and Austin P. Evans, Trans.
Book ID: 104 Page: 16
Section: 2A1,2D3B
There was now a clear distinction between the Perfect and the believers. The former achieved their status by baptism of the Holy Spirit, effected when those who were already baptized placed their hands on the believer while the Gospel of John was held over his head, thus making him a member of the true Church. {60}
Quote ID: 2584
Time Periods: 7
Influence of Greek Ideas and Usages upon the Christian Church, The
Edwin Hatch
Book ID: 341 Page: 295
Section: 1A,2A1
These were the simple elements of early Christian baptism. When it emerges after a period of obscurity—like a river which flows under the sand—the enormous changes of later times have already begun.
Quote ID: 7890
Time Periods: 2
Irenaeus, ANF Vol. 1, The Apostolic Fathers
Edited by Philip Schaff
Book ID: 671 Page: 351/352
Section: 2A1,3C1
Moreover, after his baptism, Christ descended upon him in the form of a dove from the Supreme Ruler, and that then he proclaimed the unknown Father, and performed miracles.
PJ footnote: Irenaeus, Against Heresies, I.xxvi.1.
Quote ID: 9627
Time Periods: 2
Justin Martyr, ANF Vol. 1, The Apostolic Fathers
Edited by Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson
Book ID: 674 Page: 183
Section: 2A1
As many as are persuaded and believe that what we teach and say is true, and undertake to be able to live accordingly, are instructed to pray and to entreat God with fasting, for the remission of their sins that are past, we praying and fasting with them. Then they are brought by us where there is water, and are regenerated in the same manner in which we were ourselves regenerated. For, in the name of God, the Father and Lord of the universe, and of our Saviour Jesus Christ, and of the Holy Spirit, they then receive the washing with water. For Christ also said, “Except ye be born again, ye shall not enter into the kingdom of heaven.”{6}
PJ footnote: Justin Martyr, The First Apology of Justin, LXI.
Quote ID: 9664
Time Periods: 2
Justin Martyr, ANF Vol. 1, The Apostolic Fathers
Edited by Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson
Book ID: 674 Page: 185
Section: 2A1
But we, after we have thus washed him who has been convinced and has assented to our teaching, bring him to the place where those who are called brethren are assembled, in order that we may offer hearty prayers in common for ourselves and for the baptized [illuminated] person…
….
Having ended the prayers, we salute one another with a kiss.{3} There is then brought to the president of the brethren{4} bread and a cup of wine mixed with water; and he taking them, gives praise and glory to the Father of the universe, through the name of the Son and of the Holy Ghost, and offers thanks at considerable length for our being counted worthy to receive these things at His hands. And when he had concluded the prayers and thanksgivings, all the people present express their assent by saying Amen.
….
And when the president has given thanks, and all the people have expressed their assent, those who are called by us deacons give to each of those present to partake of the bread and wine mixed with water over which the thanksgiving was pronounced, and to those who are absent they carry away a portion.
PJ footnote: Justin Martyr, The First Apology of Justin, LXI.
Quote ID: 9666
Time Periods: 2
Justin Martyr, ANF Vol. 1, The Apostolic Fathers
Edited by Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson
Book ID: 674 Page: 201
Section: 2A1
as Isaiah cries, we have believed, and testify that that very baptism which he announced is alone able to purify those who have repented; and this is the water of life. But the cisterns which you have dug for yourselves are broken and profitless to you. For what is the use of that baptism which cleanses the flesh and body alone? Baptize the soul from wrath and from covetousness, from envy, and from hatred; and, lo! the body is pure.
PJ footnote: Justin Martyr, Dialogue with Trypho, XIV.
Quote ID: 9678
Time Periods: 2
Justin Martyr, ANF Vol. 1, The Apostolic Fathers
Edited by Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson
Book ID: 674 Page: 203
Section: 2A6,2A1
“This circumcision is not, however, necessary for all men, but for you alone, in order that, as I have already said, you may suffer these things which you now justly suffer. Nor do we receive that useless baptism of cisterns, for it has nothing to do with this baptism of life.
PJ footnote: Justin Martyr, Dialogue with Trypho, XIX.
Note: Justin says the works of the Law were given to Israel because of their wickedness.
Quote ID: 9682
Time Periods: 2
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 4
Section: 3A2A,2A1
Pietro Lucidi, marshal in the papal carabinieri and head of the police detail, entered, with Brigadier Giuseppe Agostini, in civilian clothes, following him in. The sight of the military police of the Papal States coming inexplicably in the night filled Marianna with dread.....
“Your son Edgardo has been baptized,” Lucidi responded, “and I have been ordered to take him with me.”
Quote ID: 5992
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 6
Section: 3A2A,2A1
At 11 p.m., they presented themselves at the forbidding gate of San Domenico and asked to be taken to the Inquisitor. Despite the hour, they were rushed up to the Inquisitor’s room. They implored Father Feletti to tell them why he had ordered the police to take Edgardo. Responding in measured tones, and hoping to calm them, the Inquisitor explained that Edgardo had been secretly baptized, although by whom, or how he came to know of it, he would not say. Once word of the baptism had reached the proper authorities, they had given him the instructions that he was now carrying: the boy was a Catholic and could not be raised in a Jewish household.. . . .
The men begged him to reveal his grounds for thinking that the child had been baptized, for no one in the family knew anything about it. The Inquisitor replied that he could give no such explanation, the matter being confidential, but that they should rest assured that everything had been done properly. It would be best for all concerned, he added, if the members of the family would simply resign themselves to what was to come. “Far from acting lightly in this matter,” he told them, “I have acted in good conscience, for everything has been done punctiliously according to the sacred Canons.”
Quote ID: 5994
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 11
Section: 3A2A,2A1
Momolo had one last hope: the Inquisitor. Only he could call a halt to the looming disaster. Accompanied by Marianna’s brother Angelo, Mortara set out for San Domenico.At five o’clock, the two men arrived at the convent and were ushered into the Inquisitor’s rooms. Momolo, in a loud but unsteady voice, declared that there had surely been some mistake about the supposed baptism of his son, and asked Father Feletti to tell him what grounds he had for thinking that the child had been baptized. The Inquisitor would not respond directly. The rules of the Holy Tribunal had been scrupulously followed, he said, and there was no point in asking for any further explanation. When Momolo begged for another delay, Father Feletti told him it would serve no purpose.
Momolo should not worry, the Inquisitor said, for his son would be treated well; indeed, little Edgardo would be under the protection of the Pope himself. He suggested that Momolo prepare some clothes for the boy; he would send someone to pick them up. Having a nasty scene when the police took Edgardo away, the Inquisitor warned, would benefit no one.
When Momolo returned home, he realized that time had run out on him.
Quote ID: 5995
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 83
Section: 3A2A,2A1
As Pius IX saw it, he had been a great friend to the Jews.The chain of events that led the boy to Rome’s Catechumens began when Father Feletti, Bologna’s Inquisitor, heard reports that a Christian servant had secretly baptized a Jewish child in the city. Following well-worn Inquisition procedures, Feletti had written, on October 26, 1857, to the Commissioner of the Holy Office of the Inquisition in Rome, Cardinal De Ferrari, for permission to proceed with an inquiry. On November 9, the Cardinal replied, in a letter reporting the results of the session of the Holy Office at which the case was discussed:
“Your letter of 26 October, relative to the baptism conferred on the young Hebrew boy, has been taken into consideration today and your suggestion to proceed with prudence has been approved."
Quote ID: 5997
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 93
Section: 3A2A,2A1
At the center of the story was the servant Anna Morisi. She was the only witness to the baptism. It was on the basis of her account alone that Father Felitti had ordered Edgardo seized.. . . .
A key figure in Morisi’s story was Cesare Lepori, the neighborhood grocer. It was he, she said, who had first suggested that she baptize the sick child and who had then told her how to do it.
Quote ID: 5999
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 93
Section: 3A2A,2A1
When Momolo returned from Rome, he decided to confront Cesare Lepori. It must have been hard for Momolo to control his emotions when he entered the Lepori store, for at the time he too believed that the young grocer was responsible for the tragedy that had befallen him.. . . .
The best account we have of what followed comes from an unexpected source: a retired judge, a Catholic, Carlo Maggi, who lived in the neighborhood. On October 6, Maggi appeared before a Bologna notary who had been hired by Momolo to transcribe and certify his account.
Quote ID: 6000
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 94
Section: 3A2A,2A1
The grocer went on to add, Maggi recounted, that he was hardly in a position to teach the girl how to baptize someone, as he was not sure how to do it himself.
Quote ID: 6001
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 95
Section: 3A2A,2A1
The retired judge ended his account by saying that as he left the grocer behind, he realized that his earlier skepticism was unjustified; Lepori was telling the truth. {5}
Quote ID: 6002
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 95
Section: 3A2A,2A1
But the attack on the young woman’s credibility went well beyond this assault. She was portrayed not only as a liar but as a slut and a thief as well.
Quote ID: 6003
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 95
Section: 3A2A,2A1
Momolo and Marianna themselves knew something about the subject, for after Anna had worked for them for three years, in early 1855, they discovered that she was pregnant.
Quote ID: 6004
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 96
Section: 3A2A,2A1
Rather than simply firing her, as many other employees would have done, Momolo and Marianna arranged to have Anna sent to a midwife’s home for the last four months of her pregnancy. They paid all the expenses for her lodging and the delivery itself. To protect her reputation—and their own, since they had promised to take her back once the baby was born and delivered to the foundling home—they told neighbors and friends that the girl had become ill and had returned to her parents to recuperate.
Quote ID: 6005
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: ix
Section: 2C,3A2A,2A1
Where else, indeed, could rule by divine right be so well entrenched, so well justified ideologically, so spectacularly elaborated ritually? The Pope had been a worldly prince, a ruler of his subjects, for many centuries, and the contours of his domain in 1858-- ….
Quote ID: 5991
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 109
Section: 3A2A,2A1
Four months after tearfully bidding Edgardo good-bye at their home in Bologna, Marianna finally got to hold her child in her arms again. On Friday, October 22, she and Momolo were ushered into a room in Rome’s Catechumens where their son nervously awaited them.
Quote ID: 6006
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 112
Section: 3A2A,2A1
The priests, talking loudly enough to be heard across the room, spoke of the airtight arguments being prepared by the Church authorities as the basis for what would be the Pope’s final refusal of the request to let Edgardo return home. A dramatic encounter followed, as described in the Universit` Israelitica account:The poor parents begged the two speakers not to poison their conversation with such words, but rather than go along with this reasonable request, the two clerics exclaimed that it would be contrary to their duty, which was to exhort the parents to follow their child in his new faith. It was only by embracing Christianity that they would be permitted to see their son; if they converted, they would be treated with the greatest respect.
Quote ID: 6007
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 112
Section: 3A2A,2A1
As his parents were leaving, Edgardo threw himself in his mother’s arms. The effect of the scene—the priests and sisters on their knees, begging Jesus to show them the light—was to redouble the tears, the kisses, and the sighs, while the poor mother pressed the boy to her breast until finally the Rector came to tear the boy away, saying, “That’s enough.”
Quote ID: 6008
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 127/128
Section: 3A2A,2A1
Catholic defenders of the Church published their own version of events, echoing the Catholic press in Europe. One pamphlet, published in New York in November 1858 under the pseudonym of “Fair Play,” typical of these broadsides, branded the “alleged Mortara kidnapping case” a “windfall to the enemies of God’s Church.” Blaming the child’s baptism on Momolo Mortara for breaking the Papal States’ law that prohibited Jews from having Christian servants, it argued that no one, not even a pope, could “unbaptize a Christian child.”
Quote ID: 6009
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 128
Section: 3A2A,2A1
And Fair Play concluded, grandiosely, “The Holy Father’s protection of the child, in the face of all the ferocious fanaticism of infidelity and bigotry, is the grandest moral spectacle which the world has seen for ages.”{18}
Quote ID: 6010
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 206
Section: 3A2A,2A1
Asked if she knew why they had called her [PJ: Anna Morisi] in, she replied: “I guess it’s because of the boy of my old employers, the Mortaras, Jews who live in Bologna, who I baptized, and who because of that was taken from his family by order of the Inquisitor, Father Feletti. I assume that’s the reason because I heard that this monk was recently put in jail.”
Quote ID: 6012
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 206
Section: 3A2A,2A1
Hearing the story, Anna recollected, “Lepori suggested that I baptize him, so that when he died he would go to heaven. But I told him I didn’t know how to baptize someone. I was only 14 or 15 years old, and didn’t have much education about Christianity, since I was raised so roughly.” The grocer, she said, assured her it was easy. All you had to do was say” ‘I baptize you in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost,’ take some water from a well, and sprinkle a few drops on the boy’s head.”When I got back to the house, I saw that the parents were watching over their sick son, so I had to wait for about an hour. They finally left the room, which was the living room, and went to their bedroom; I don’t know why. I quickly drew a little water from the well, went over to the boy’s crib, and repeated the words that I’d been taught, with the fixed idea of sending a soul to heaven. I put the fingers of my right hand in the glass of water, sprinkled a few drops on the boy’s head, and in a moment it was all done, without anyone noticing.
Quote ID: 6013
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 208
Section: 3A2A,2A1
“There were only the two of us, so I couldn’t give you any proof.”“And what did the Inquisitor say about what you had done? Did he praise you or blame you?”
“He told me that if I understood correctly that he was in bad shape, I acted excellently in baptizing the boy, because that way, if he died, he’d go to heaven.”
Quote ID: 6014
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 256
Section: 3A2A,2A1
By the time the Pope, with Edgardo at his side, met with the delegates of Rome’s Jewish community in early 1861, most of Italy had been united under the Savoyard king’s rule.
Quote ID: 6015
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 260
Section: 3A2A,2A1
By this time, Edgardo had already spent half of his life in the Church. Memories of his parents were getting hazy, for he had not seen or heard from them since their last visit to the Catechumens in 1858.By the time he was thirteen, Edgardo had decided to devote his life to the Church, and he became a novice in the order of the Canons Regular of the Lateran, on his way to becoming a friar himself. He took the name of Pio, honoring his new father and protector, Pius IX.
Quote ID: 6016
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 260
Section: 3A2A,2A1
Shortly thereafter, in 1867, the Pontiff sent the boy a message that shows, almost a decade after Pius IX’s first defense of the decision to hold on to Edgardo, the Pope’s unchanged view that he had done God’s will, and that for doing so he had suffered grievously. He wrote:"You are very dear to me, my little son, for I acquired you for Jesus Christ at a high price. So it is. I paid dearly for your ransom.
. . . .
People lamented the harm done to your parents because you were regenerated by the grace of holy baptism and brought up according to God’s wishes. And in the meantime no one showed any concern for me, father of all the faithful."{16}
Quote ID: 6017
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 295
Section: 3A2A,2A1
According to Edgardo, the Pope also established a lifetime trust fund of seven thousand lire to ensure his support.{1}Known as a scholarly man—reputed to preach in six languages, including the notoriously difficult language of the Basques, and to read three others, Hebrew among them—Father Mortara dedicated his life to spreading the faith, singing the praises of the Lord Jesus Christ, and traveling throughout Europe, going where he was most needed. As a preacher, he was in great demand, not least because of the inspirational way he was able to weave the remarkable story of his own childhood into his sermons. As he recounted it, his saga was the stuff of faith and hope: a story of how God chose a simple, illiterate servant girl to invest a small child with the miraculous powers of divine grace, and in so doing rescued him from his Jewish family—good people but, as Jews, on a God-forsaken path.
Quote ID: 6018
Time Periods: 7
Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara, The
David I. Kertzer
Book ID: 239 Page: 298
Section: 3A2A,2A1
On March 11, 1940, the 88-year-old monk died at the Belgian abbey in which he had lived for many years. Two months later, German soldiers flooded into Belgium, soon to begin round up all those tainted with Jewish blood.
Quote ID: 6019
Time Periods: 7
Late Antiquity: A Guide to the Postclassical World
Ed. G.W. Bowerrsock, Peter Brown, Oleg Grabar
Book ID: 126 Page: 7
Section: 2A1,2E1,3C
The powerful but apocryphal idea of the finding of the True Cross by Constantine’s mother Helena gave rise to a tangle of further stories, among them the entirely legendary tale of the baptism of Constantine by Sylvester, the bishop of Rome.
Quote ID: 2871
Time Periods: 4
Lost Scriptures: Books That Did Not Make It into the New Testament
Bart D. Ehrman
Book ID: 427 Page: 118
Section: 2A1
Thecla said, “Only give me the seal in Christ, and no temptation will touch me!” Paul replied, “Thecla, be patient and you will receive the water.”
Quote ID: 8691
Time Periods: 1
Mithras: Roman Cult of Mithras: The God and His Mysteries, The
Manfred Clauss
Book ID: 389 Page: 170
Section: 2A1,3A2B
Under the successors of the Emperor Julian (361-3), there began a sharp and bloody persecution of all pagan cults, which also brought about the extermination of Mithraism. Around 400, Jerome, the translator of the so-called Vulgate version of the Bible, wrote a letter to a Christian woman named Laeta in which he praises the praefectus Urbi of the year 376/7:"Did not your kinsman Gracchus, whose name recalls his patrician rank, destroy a cave of Mithras a few years ago when he was prefect of Rome? Did he not break up and burn all the monstrous images there?...Did he not send them before him as hostages, and gain for himself baptism in Christ?"
Quote ID: 8353
Time Periods: 45
Monumenta Bulgarica
Thomas Butler
Book ID: 154 Page: 167
Section: 2A1,2D3B
See, brothers, how much the Devil has defeated them [Bogomils]! They reject holy baptism, being disgusted by baptizing children.….
And how can they call themselves “Christians,” when they don’t have priests to baptize them, when they don’t make the sign of the cross, when they don’t sing priestly hymns and don’t respect priests?
Quote ID: 3287
Time Periods: 7
Monumenta Bulgarica
Thomas Butler
Book ID: 154 Page: 209
Section: 2A1,2D3B
Art. 47. To those [Bogomils] who revile John the Baptist and say that he is from Satan, as is baptism with water, and who baptise without water, saying only the “Our Father” – anathema!
Quote ID: 3289
Time Periods: 7
Origen, ANF Vol. 9
Edited by Alan Menzies
Book ID: 565 Page: 373
Section: 2A1
His baptism in the Jordan made him fitter to be taken up…….
And through this same Jordan Elisha receives, through Elijah, the gift he desired, saying, “Let a double portion of thy spirit be upon me.” What enabled him to receive this gift of the spirit of Elijah was, perhaps, that he had passed through Jordan twice….
Quote ID: 9303
Time Periods: 2
Origen, ANF Vol. 9
Edited by Alan Menzies
Book ID: 565 Page: 374
Section: 2A1
"For as none is good but one, God the Father, so among rivers none is good but the Jordan."….
…[those baptized in the Jordan] "receive a double portion of spiritual gifts and are made ready to receive the holy Spirit, since the spiritual dove does not light on any other stream."
Quote ID: 9250
Time Periods: 3
Pagan Rome and the Early Christians
Stephen Benko
Book ID: 169 Page: 124
Section: 2A1
Tertullian had much more to say. The Spirit of God, which hovered over the waters, continues to linger over the water of baptism, and it thus has a spiritual quality and the power to sanctify. “All waters, therefore, in virtue of the pristine privilege of their origin, do, after invocation of God, attain the sacramental power of sanctification.” {101}
Quote ID: 3665
Time Periods: 2
Power and Persuasion in Late Antiquity: Towards a Christian Empire
Peter Brown
Book ID: 183 Page: 124/125
Section: 2A1
“A bishop shall baptize me . . . and he of noble birth, for it would be a sad thing for my nobility to be insulted by being baptized by a man of no family.”{26}. . . .
In the conditions of the fifth century, these attitudes gave members of the upper classes room for maneuver. They needed time to make up their minds. If they had to conform to the dominant religion, they wished to feel free to do so without seeming unduly hurried. They had not submitted to brute force.
Quote ID: 4077
Time Periods: 5
Priscillian of Avila: The Occult and Charismatic in the Early Church
Henry Chadwick
Book ID: 378 Page: 19
Section: 2A1,2A4
In his 55th letter, to Januarius, Augustine remarks that it is easier to persuade a confirmed drinker to forsake his bottle than to dissuade a man from walking barefoot for eighty days, so great is the force of cultic custom (‘praesumptio’).{3} Early medieval processions at Rogationtide sometimes required unshod feet.{4} The nakedness required of candidates for baptism was sometimes less than total, and then took the form of leaving off shoes, especially for the exorcism, unction, and water rite.{5}
Quote ID: 8260
Time Periods: 45
Sozomen, Socrates and Sozomenus: Church Histories, NPNF2, Vol. 2, VI.xxvi
Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace
Book ID: 690 Page: 363
Section: 2A1
Some assert that Eunomius was the first who ventured to maintain that divine baptism ought to be performed by one immersion, and to corrupt, in this manner, the apostolical tradition which has been carefully handed down to the present day.
Quote ID: 9794
Time Periods: 5
Tertullian, ANF Vol. 3, Latin Christianity: Its Founder, Tertullian
Edited by Philip Schaff and Alan Menzies
Book ID: 678 Page: 670
Section: 2A1
…primary principle of baptism . . . that the Spirit of God, who hovered over (the waters) from the beginning, would continue to linger over the waters of the baptized. . . . Thus the nature of the waters, sanctified by the Holy One, itself conceived withal the power of sanctifying.PJ footnote reference: Tertullian, On Baptism, IV.
Quote ID: 9734
Time Periods: 2
Tertullian, ANF Vol. 3, Latin Christianity: Its Founder, Tertullian
Edited by Philip Schaff and Alan Menzies
Book ID: 678 Page: 671
Section: 2A1
All waters, therefore, in virtue of the pristine privilege of their origin, do, after invocation of God, attain the sacramental power of sanctification….PJ footnote reference: Tertullian, On Baptism, IV.
Quote ID: 9735
Time Periods: 2
Theodosius: The Empire at Bay
Stephen Williams, Gerard Friell
Book ID: 282 Page: 31
Section: 2A1
That winter, at Salonica, Theodosius fell gravely ill, to the point where in February 380 he seemed to be dying. Like his father he received the solemn sacrament of baptism, from bishop Acholius, which would purge him of all sin.
Quote ID: 7067
Time Periods: 24
Theodosius: The Empire at Bay
Stephen Williams, Gerard Friell
Book ID: 282 Page: 53
Section: 2A1
At that time it was the most solemn of sacraments, involving the remission of sins and the binding of the person to the community of the faithful. It was commonly received not at birth, but at some significant point in the soul’s pilgrimage - especially the nearness of death (as Theodosius’ father had been baptised before his execution).
Quote ID: 7101
Time Periods: 24
Theodosius: The Empire at Bay
Stephen Williams, Gerard Friell
Book ID: 282 Page: 70
Section: 2A1,3C
They may have recalled the tired old prejudice, that the main reason Constantine had embraced Christianity was that it was the only religion that was prepared to wash away his murders with a sprinkling of holy water.{35}
Quote ID: 7131
Time Periods: 4
Water Baptism
The Church of God International Offices
Book ID: 519 Page: 1
Section: 2A1
“Although it cannot save humanity from sin, water baptism is necessary as an act of obedience to the command and practice of Christ.”
Quote ID: 9136
Time Periods: 7
Western Society And The Church In The Middle Ages
R. W. Southern
Book ID: 286 Page: 18
Section: 2A1,3A1
The problem of determining how someone becomes a committed member of a political community was one which gave much trouble to the theorists of the early modern state. But it was the easiest of all problems for the theorists of the medieval church-state, for the answer lay ready to hand in baptism. In baptism the godparents made certain promises on behalf of the child which bound him legally for life. From a social point of view a contractual relationship was established between the infant and the church from which there was no receding. For the vast majority of members of the church, baptism was as involuntary as birth, and it carried with it obligations as binding and permanent as birth into a modern state, with the further provision that the obligations attached to baptism could in no circumstances be renounced.
Quote ID: 7290
Time Periods: 67
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