Section: 3A3A - Public works
Number of quotes: 23
Art in the Roman Empire
Michael Grant
Book ID: 30 Page: 88
Section: 2E3,3A3A
But let us consider, finally, the aims of Constantine, who inspired its construction, and the possibilities open to him. He was accustomed to insist on monumental public structures, adorned with a great quantity of precious objects. And, as we said earlier, he placed churches at the very summit of public monumental architecture, employing modified versions of classical, pagan traditions in their design. However, he also had to bear in mind local requirements and resources, which were duly set out in writing by the bishop of the region, just as the provincial governor or his delegate set out those of secular buildings.
Quote ID: 523
Time Periods: 4
Augustus to Constantine
Robert M. Grant
Book ID: 34 Page: 177
Section: 2A3,2E3,3A3A
The legal difficulty remained, at least in theory. Under Roman law, temples and their sites were res sacrae, consecrated to the gods by the authority of the Roman people, by a law or a decree of the senate; but the “houses” of the church were not temples. Tombs and cemeteries were res religiosae, consecrated to the gods below (dis Manibus) by legal burials made by persons competent to make them. Christian cemeteries could not be dedicated to the dii Manes.{29}[Footnote 29] Cf. M. Kaser, Das romische Privatrecht I (Munich, 1959), 105-7, 175-76.
In 321 Constantine insisted that property could be left by will to “the most holy and venerable council [concilium] of the Catholic church,” presumably with individual churches in view.{30}
[Footnote 30] Cod. Theod. 16, 2, 4; cf, Kaser, op cit., 348; H. Dorries, Das Selbstzeugnis Kaiser Konstantins (Gottingen, 1954)m 183.
Quote ID: 646
Time Periods: 14
Christians as the Romans Saw Them, The
Robert L. Wilken
Book ID: 201 Page: 117
Section: 2D3B,3A3A
In the next fragment quoted by Origen, Celsus says that Christians ought to “accept public office in our country...for the sake of the preservation of the laws of piety” (x. Cels. 8.75). The point of Celsus’s comments is not that Christians are pacifists, but that they refuse to participate in any way in the public and civil life of the cities of the Roman Empire. As another critic put it, Christians “do not understand their civic duty” (Minucius, Octavius 12).
Quote ID: 4567
Time Periods: 123
Christians as the Romans Saw Them, The
Robert L. Wilken
Book ID: 201 Page: 124
Section: 3A3A
Celsus sensed that Christians had severed the traditional bond between religion and a “nation” or people. The ancients took for granted that religion was indissolubly linked to a particular city or people.
Quote ID: 4569
Time Periods: 23
Christians as the Romans Saw Them, The
Robert L. Wilken
Book ID: 201 Page: 125
Section: 3A3A,3A3B
Christians not only refused military service but they would not accept public office nor assume any responsibility for the governing of the cities. It was, however, not simply that Christians subverted the cities by refusing to participate in civic life, but that they undermined the foundations of the societies in which they lived.
Quote ID: 4570
Time Periods: 23
Christians as the Romans Saw Them, The
Robert L. Wilken
Book ID: 201 Page: 127
Section: 3A3A,3A3B,4B
Porphyry had no such illusion; he sensed that Christianity was here to stay and he sought, within the framework of the religious traditions of the Roman Empire, to find a way of accommodating the new creed. This is why he was so threatening to the Christians of antiquity and is so fascinating to us.
Quote ID: 4571
Time Periods: 23
Christians as the Romans Saw Them, The
Robert L. Wilken
Book ID: 201 Page: 158
Section: 3A3A,3A3B
Yet Christians, in thought if not always in action, remained a people apart. They contributed little to the public life of society and by their fixation on Jesus undermined the religious foundations of the cities in which they lived.
Quote ID: 4592
Time Periods: 23
Collapse and Recovery of the Roman Empire, The
Michael Grant
Book ID: 206 Page: 60
Section: 3A3A
They were too anti-social to create a National Church...
Quote ID: 5040
Time Periods: 23
Continuity and Change in Roman Religion
J. H. W. G. Liebeschuetz
Book ID: 313 Page: 303
Section: 3A3A
The function of the secular festival speech was increasingly performed by a bishop’s sermon. The sermons preached by Ambrose on the respective deaths of the emperors Theodosius and Valentinian II{6} are examples of the new type of religious court-celebration.
Quote ID: 7637
Time Periods: 4
Cults of the Roman Empire, The
Robert Turcan
Book ID: 209 Page: 11
Section: 2D3B,3A3A
‘Since we have taken into our hearth and home peoples with their disparate rites, their exotic cults or no cult at all an obvious allusion to the first Christians, this murky horde can be kept in check by fear alone’, Tacitus makes an anxious senator say (Annals, XIV, 44, 5).
Quote ID: 5125
Time Periods: 12
Early Christian Church, The
J.G. Davies
Book ID: 214 Page: 87
Section: 2D3B,3A3A
Charges against the ChristiansThe anti-Christian polemic arose in large measure from ignorance and misrepresentation. Believers were charged with atheism: ‘why have they no altars, no temples, no images?’ They were held guilty of disloyalty, of treason and lack of patriotism, in that they refused to participate in the emperor cult, were known to be looking for another kingdom, played no part in public life and were therefore no better than misanthropists. Their secret meetings, to which the unbaptized were not allowed entrance, were held to be occasions for immorality. Garbled accounts of the eucharist resulted in rumours that Christians practised cannibalism and incest.
Quote ID: 5270
Time Periods: 12
Formation of Christendom, The
Judith Herrin
Book ID: 225 Page: 74
Section: 3A3A
During the fifth century, the bishops of Rome were responsible for grand basilicas, as well as for the care of “public monuments, as the Senate failed to repair and maintain older buildings.”
Quote ID: 5658
Time Periods: 5
Formation of Christendom, The
Judith Herrin
Book ID: 225 Page: 74
Section: 3A3A
There was a gap in leadership, and the bishops stepped into it, “rebuilding the banks of the Tiber to prevent flooding and restoring of hostels when they fell into ruin. They also began to participate in diplomatic activity on Rome’s behalf.”
Quote ID: 5659
Time Periods: 5
Greek Anthology, The, LCL 086: Greek Anthology V, Books 13-16
W. R. Paton, trans.
Book ID: 136 Page: 5
Section: 3A3A
4.---On the Temple of St. John the Baptist (“the Forerunner”) in the property of StudiusSTUDIUS built this fair house to John the great servant of Christ, and quickly gained the reward of his work by obtaining the consular fasces.
PJ Note: The “Monastery of Saint John the Forerunner” was founded in 462 by the consul Flavius Studius
Quote ID: 2980
Time Periods: 5
Making of Late Antiquity, The
Peter Brown
Book ID: 251 Page: 57
Section: 3A3A
In the late second and third centuries, the Christians became figures to be reckoned with in the Roman world. They did so largely because they had a singularly articulate and radical contribution to make to that great debate, whose outlines were sketched in that first chapter, on the manner in which supernatural power could be exercised in society. The way in which the Christians idealized their martyrs as the special “friends of God,” and the manner in which they organized themselves around bishops who claimed with increasing assertiveness to be “friends of God” in a similar manner, condensed the main issues of that debate. In following through this theme, we can make some sense of the tantalizing evidence for the position of the Christian church in the Mediterranean world in the century before the conversion of Constantine.. . . .
Far less than we might wish can be said with certainty about the pre-Constantinian church. Its numbers and rate of expansion are likely to remain forever obscure.
Quote ID: 6311
Time Periods: 23
Orosius: Seven Books of History against the Pagans
A. T. Fear
Book ID: 165 Page: 23/24
Section: 3A3A
For a moment in Book 2 it appears that he may subscribe to the cyclical theory of history and that Rome will, in her turn, succumb to the passing of time. {133} But it is only a moment. We are also told that God has ordained the Roman Empire for the end of this epoch and so it seems clear that for Orosius the empire will only end when time itself comes to an end at the end of days. {134} Orosius’s self-characterisation as a ‘Christian and a Roman’ is correct; his work is not merely Christian polemic, it is patriotic Christian polemic.
Quote ID: 3473
Time Periods: 45
Orosius: Seven Books of History against the Pagans
A. T. Fear
Book ID: 165 Page: 316
Section: 3A3A,4B
So in the same year when Caesar, whom God in His deep mysteries had marked out for this task, ordered that the first census be taken in each and every province and that every man be recorded, God deemed it right to be seen as, and become a man. {352} Christ was therefore born at this time and His birth was immediately recorded on the Roman census. This census in which He Who made all men wished to be listed as a man and numbered among men was the first and clearest statement which marked out Caesar as the lord of all the Romans as masters of the world, {353} both individually and as a people. Never since the beginning of the world or the human race had anyone been granted to do this, not even Babylon or Macedon, not to mention any of the lesser kingdoms. {354} Nor can there be any doubt since it is clear to all from thought, faith, and observations that Our Lord Jesus Christ brought to the apogee of power this city which had grown and been defended by His will, vehemently wishing to belong to it when He came and to be called a Roman citizen by decree of the Roman census. {355}
Quote ID: 3480
Time Periods: 12
Power and Persuasion in Late Antiquity: Towards a Christian Empire
Peter Brown
Book ID: 183 Page: 97
Section: 3A3A,4B
On the great feasts of the year, the poor were put on view, through processions and solemn banquets: “This word have we spoken concerning the poor: God hath established the bishop because of the feasts, that he may refresh them at the feasts.”{138}These occasions may not, in fact, have significantly alleviated the state of the poor, but they carried a clear ceremonial message that was closely watched by contemporaries. Ambrose was accused by his enemies of having scattered gold pieces to the poor.{139} His gesture of almsgiving was presented by his enemies as the usurpation of an imperial prerogative. Only the emperor, a man raised by fortune above all concern for wealth, could shower gold, the most precious of all metals, on the populace.{140}
It is significant that ceremonial rivalry of this kind came to be tolerated in the fourth century. By being made visible, the poor were also made amenable to control.
Quote ID: 4058
Time Periods: 4
Power and Persuasion in Late Antiquity: Towards a Christian Empire
Peter Brown
Book ID: 183 Page: 151/152
Section: 3A3A,3A3B,3A4C
Hence in long letters of self-defense, Theodoret publicized his benefactions to the city of which he had become bishop. He also wrote with evident enthusiasm, in his History, of bishops who, like himself, acted as the defenders of their cities. The bishop of Erzerum (Theodosiopolis), for instance, constructed his own catapult, known to the locals as “Saint Thomas,” and presided over its firing from the walls.{163}All over the eastern provinces, the Christian bishop came to be held responsible for the defense of law and order. In the reign of Justinian, it was the bishop of Hadrianoupolis … who received imperial edicts against banditry and communicated them to the local landowners, assembled in the audience chamber adjoining his basilica.{164}
Quote ID: 4089
Time Periods: 56
Rise of Western Christendom, The
Peter Brown
Book ID: 265 Page: 206
Section: 3A3A,3A3B,3A4C
In the first place, the pope was the city of Rome. The pope fed the city from “the patrimony of Saint Peter.” This patrimony consisted of over 400 estates, located, for the most part, in Sicily (where they covered over one nineteenth of the entire surface of the island). Furthermore, the pope and his colleague, the bishop of Ravenna, were the bankers of the East Roman state in Italy. Only the Church possessed the treasure and the ready money with which to pay the East Roman garrisons and to advance sums of cash to a penniless administration. It was Gregory who had to write, ceaselessly, to remind the emperor of Constantinople and those around him that Italy existed.It was Gregory, also, who had to deal with the Lombards. He negotiated constantly with neighboring Lombard warlords and attempted to contain their aggression by corresponding regularly with the newly created Lombard court of Pavia.
Quote ID: 6714
Time Periods: 67
Rome 1300: On The Path of the Pilgrim
Herbert L. Kessler and Johanna Zacharias
Book ID: 189 Page: 3
Section: 3A3A
With the removal of the imperial residence to Constantinople, moreover, the popes had assumed powers over Rome and its surroundings that previously the emperors alone had exercised, and steadily they also assumed the accoutrements of secular rulers and the lavish surroundings of royal courts.
Quote ID: 4174
Time Periods: 4
Rome in the Dark Ages
Peter Llewellyn
Book ID: 191 Page: 201
Section: 3A3A
The renewed Lombard threat also prompted Gregory to undertake repairs to the walls of Rome, supplying the lime needed and the mason’s pay from his own resources; the walls of Civitavecchia, the main port for the north and the west, were also put into repair.
Quote ID: 4369
Time Periods: ?
Rome in the Dark Ages
Peter Llewellyn
Book ID: 191 Page: 265
Section: 3A3A
Leonine extension of city walls to protect the Vatican. 40 feet high. 44 towers. Completed 852. First definite additions to the shape of the city made by a pope. Leo IV.
Quote ID: 4400
Time Periods: 7
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